178001. In the Battle of Komaki and Nagakute, the Oda and Tokugawa allied forces defeated the Hashiba forces in select places and killed those who were on the side of Hashiba, including Tsuneoki IKEDA and Nagayoshi MORI.
178002. In the Battle of Komaki-Nagakute in 1584, he lead Ii's Akazonae (red arms) for the first time and killed Tsuneoki IKEDA, making him renowned around the country.
178003. In the Battle of Komaki-Nagakute in 1584, he served as a caretaker of Osaka-jo Castle along with his father.
178004. In the Battle of Koromo-gawa River against the army of FUJIWARA no Yasuhira in Hiraizumi in Oshu (Northern Honshu, the region encompassing Mutsu and Dewa provinces) where Yoshitsune died, Kaison was said to survive because he and some other retainers of Yoshitsune visited a temple in the mountain.
178005. In the Battle of Liaoyang from August 24th and September 4th, the IJA Second Army mounted a frontal attack from the south, and the IJA First Army circumscribed a mountainous area in the East and attacked the enemies flank.
178006. In the Battle of Mikatagahara (in 1572), Nobumori, together with Hirohide HIRATE, reinforced the 8,000 soldiers of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA with another 3,000 men, but he retreated without hardly any fighting as soon as he saw the 27,000 troops of the Takeda clan.
178007. In the Battle of Miki-jo Castle in Harima Province, he performed meritorious deeds; for example, he killed the enemy who killed his father and took back the body of his father.
178008. In the Battle of Mizushima on November 24, he suffered a crushing defeat and lost Yoshikiyo YADA, a powerful military commander.
178009. In the Battle of Mount Tsuhokami, his cousins Toshikane HARADA and Toshiie HARADA, also died in the battle; but there were few notes on it in the genealogy and it can be thought that it was because Iehira was in the position to take the reins of the Togo clan as the family head.
178010. In the Battle of Mt. Tabe, the Asakura army was convincingly defeated and retreated to Yanase.
178011. In the Battle of Nagakute the Hideyoshi side suffered a bitter defeat on May 18, but from that time on too, the both sides continued to face each other and the front line had come to a deadlock.
178012. In the Battle of Nagashino in May 1575, he led firearms troops with Toshiie MAEDA, Masanari NONOMURA, Hidekatsu FUKUTOMI, Naomasa BAN.
178013. In the Battle of Nagashino, he identified battle flags and commanded the gun squad on the Takeda side along with Sadayoshi KUSAKABE as a police sergeant for Tadayo OKUBO.
178014. In the Battle of Nagashino, he participated in the Tobinosuyama troop with Tadatsugu SAKAI and fought hard, but he got injured by the bullet shot by the Takeda army, and it is said that this bullet was inside his body throughout the rest of his life.
178015. In the Battle of Nagashino, he served as both the flag identifier and the commander of the gun squad.
178016. In the Battle of Osaka Natsu no Jin (Summer Siege of Osaka), he took a part in battles of Domyoji War, Tennoji War, and Okayama War as a Yoriki (lower-ranked Samurai) to clear his reputation in the Fuyu no Jin.
178017. In the Battle of Otaihara on September 29, Takeda army had a major victory over the Uesugi and Kasahara allied armys.
178018. In the Battle of Sekigahara (1600), he belonged to the West Squad together with Shigekatsu ONOGI (Kimisato ONOGI), who was the castellan of the Fukuchiyama-jo Castle of Tanba Province.
178019. In the Battle of Sekigahara (1600), he sided with the eastern camp, and fought bravely against Katsushige TODA (western camp) at the final battle.
178020. In the Battle of Sekigahara after the death of Hideyoshi, Kitakinki became site of many fierce battles, including the Battle of Tanabe-jo Castle.
178021. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 he fought for the Western forces in the defense of the Tenno-ji temple entrance of Osaka Castle and also participated in the battles for Takatori Castle in Yamato Province and Otsu Castle which resulted in demotion and his subsequent whereabouts is unknown.
178022. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 his son Kazumasa IKOMA was on the part of the East squad while Chikamasa, staying in his territory, was on the side of the West squad and delegated his vassal to join the siege of Tanabe-jo Castle in Tango Province.
178023. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Takatsugu belonged to East squad and barricaded himself in Otsu-jo Castle.
178024. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Takatsugu participated in the Western Camp at first and turned informer on movements of Western Camp such as Mitsunari ISHIDA and so on to the Eastern Camp.
178025. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Yorifusa was first on the side of West squad and rustled in Siege of Fushimi Castle.
178026. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, by the order of Ieyasu, he played an important role using especially his brain to suppress local governors of Yamato Province and to disturb the logistic support of the Western Army.
178027. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he belonged to the Eastern squad and took a part in a punitive force for subjugation of Kagekatsu UESUGI.
178028. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he belonged to the West squad and joined the battle in Fushimi-jo Castle and the battle in Otsu-jo Castle, however, he returned to Osaka before the fall of Otsu-jo Castle.
178029. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he belonged to the West squad and joined the battle in Fushimi-jo Castle as the captain of the gun unit of the TOYOTOMI family.
178030. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he belonged to the West squad, and joined the battle of Fushimi-jo Castle, so that he forfeited his position and properties (Kaieki), and there was no further information about him since then.
178031. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he first joined the Western Camp and took refuge in Gujo Hachiman Castle.
178032. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he first joined the army to the Uesugi conquest, but when he heard the raising an army of Mitsunari ISHIDA, he returned to Kuwana-jo Castle with the castellan Yukihiro UJIIE with Ieyasu's consent and held up in the castle.
178033. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he first joined the western force and participated in protection of Seta bridge in Omi Province and the siege of Tanabe-jo Castle in Tango no kuni (Tango Province), but he betrayed the western force and joined the eastern force after he was persuaded by Jyosui KURODA.
178034. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he followed Hidetada who led the main Eastern army and took Nakasen-do Road, but on the way, he argued that they should attack Masayuki SANADA who belonged to the Western army and was holding Ueda-jo Castle in Shinshu and came into conflict with Masanobu HONDA and others.
178035. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he joined in the Eastern squad with his older brother.
178036. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he joined the war as the Tokubawa's side and was ordered by Ieyasu to suppress Northern provinces.
178037. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he joined with the Western Camp, and attacked Tanabe-jo Castle in Tango Province protected by Yusai HOSOKAWA of the Eastern Camp, and also worked as an envoy to surrender the castle to the enemy.
178038. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he sided with the West squad and was the first to charge the enemy encampment as the spearhead in the battle in Fushimi-jo Castle, and he killed Mototada TORII who was shutting himself in the castle.
178039. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he took charge in the defense of Akamagaseki.
178040. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he took part in the army along with his third son Nobuhira, because his territory was completely surrounded by the eastern army.
178041. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, he took sides with the West squad and took charge of guarding Hirano-guchi gateway from Tennoji, Osaka.
178042. In the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600, the Hosokawa family took part in battles in three regions of Sekigahara, Tango Tanabe-jo Castle and Bungo Kitsuki-jo Castle, but Okinaga, following Tadaoki, went on an expedition against Aizu and to the Sekigahara battle field.
178043. In the Battle of Sekigahara in October 1600, Oribe fought for Ieyasu TOKUGAWA of the Eastern squad.
178044. In the Battle of Sekigahara of 1600, he served to protect Kurobane-jo Castle in Shimotsuke Province against the southward advance of the Uesugi clan.
178045. In the Battle of Sekigahara, Hidetada led a large force of 38,000, however, when he attacked Shinshu Ueda-jo Castle in which only 2,000 soldiers holed up, he was soundly defeated by Masayuki SANADA.
178046. In the Battle of Sekigahara, Masahide HATTORI belonged to the West squad and defended Korai-bashi Bridge in Osaka in cooperation with Nagakatsu FUJIKAKE.
178047. In the Battle of Sekigahara, Masamune DATE took the side of Ieyasu TOKUGAWA, and was awarded additional lands to 620,000 goku (172,360 cubic meters) for his war service.
178048. In the Battle of Sekigahara, Munenori belonged to the West squad and defended his residing castle, Kameyama-jo Castle, but when the West squad lost the final battle, he surrendered and handed over the castle in response to Kagetomo YAMAOKA's persuasion.
178049. In the Battle of Sekigahara, Shigemasa allied with Ieyasu TOKUGAWA and achieved victories in the battlefield, thus receiving the Gojo district of 10,000 koku (an unit of assessed crop yields of the land [1 koku: about 180 liter], which was also used to express the size of the land) after the war and founding the Gojo Domain.
178050. In the Battle of Sekigahara, Yasuyuki and his son Okinaga MATSUI fought under their lord Tadaoki HOSOKAWA and contributed to the victory of the Tokugawa side.
178051. In the Battle of Sekigahara, Yoshihiro followed Yusai HOSOKAWA, who ruled the Eastern camp, and held Tanabe-jo Castle in Tanba Province to fight against the Western Camp ruled by Shigekatsu ONOGI.
178052. In the Battle of Sekigahara, a few of the fierce battles were fought over Otsu-jo Castle as well as Ueda-jo Castle or other castles.
178053. In the Battle of Sekigahara, as he belonged to the West squad, he underwent Kaieki sanction (sudden dismissal and deprivation of position, privileges and properties).
178054. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he belonged to the West squad, and defended Hokkoku guchi.
178055. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he belonged to the West squad, defended Osaka guchi in July, and then took a part in a campaign in the battle of Tanabe-jo Castle in Tanba Province under the command of Shigekatsu ONOGI.
178056. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he belonged to the West squad, joined the Battle of Fushimi-jo Castle, and then defended Ninomaru (second bailey) of Ogaki-jo Castle.
178057. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he belonged to the West squad.
178058. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he belonged to the Western Army and guarded Korai-bashi Bridge in Osaka in July to prevent hostages from escaping.
178059. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he initially fought for the Western Camp, but later, on the main battle field, he followed Hideaki KOBAYAKAWA's example and defected to the Eastern Camp.
178060. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he joined the East forces, and was put in charge of guarding Fushimi-jo Castle with Mototada TORII.
178061. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he joined the West Camp.
178062. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he made his retainers use soap for protection against infectious diseases.
178063. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he minded Date's residence in Kyoto in Date's absence.
178064. In the Battle of Sekigahara, he served as the head clerk of Hidetada TOKUGAWA.
178065. In the Battle of Sekigahara, the Kutsuki clan originally supported Western Camp but later engaged in secret communication with Eastern Camp, so that the clan was permitted to survive as a daimyo even after the establishment of Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
178066. In the Battle of Sekigahara, which took place after the death of "Ryosen" (Motoharu and Takakage), they became even more unstable, also due to Terumoto's indecisiveness.
178067. In the Battle of Sekigahara, while he followed the master's clan and belonged to the West squad, he delivered a large quantity of rice to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
178068. In the Battle of Shido described in "The Tale of the Heike," while leading sixteen horse soldiers stood in front of 3,000 horse soldiers of the Awa Navy, Yoshimori cleverly tricked Noriyoshi TAGUCHI (an heir to Shigeyoshi TAGUCHI's, who later betrayed the Heike at Dannoura).
178069. In the Battle of Shizugatake in 1583, he distinguished himself by defeating Masakuni YAMAJI, the enemy general, for which Hideyoshi gave him a territory of 3,000 koku in crop yields as one of the Shizugatake-no-shichihon-yari.
178070. In the Battle of Shizugatake, which occurred in 1583, Kagekatsu took the side of Hideyoshi and was ordered to invade Ecchu.
178071. In the Battle of Shokoku-ji Temple, many were killed or wounded on both sides, but neither camp achieved a decisive victory.
178072. In the Battle of Suncheon, the troops of the Shimazu clan made a rush by taking a chance in the confusion caused by an accidental burst of gun powder on the Ming side and inflicted large scale damage sending the Ming and Korean forces flying.
178073. In the Battle of Sunomatagawa in 1181, he with his family took sides with the army of MINAMOTO no Yukiie, but was defeated, and Shigemitsu was killed by TAIRA no Morihisa, younger brother of TAIRA no Moritsuna (Takahashi saemon no jo) (May 2, 1181 Section of "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East)).
178074. In the Battle of Taiken-mon Gate, he fought courageously in cooperation with Yoshitomo's eldest son MINAMOTO no Yoshihira against TAIRA no Shigemori, Kiyomori's eldest son.
178075. In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi at Kyoto, NAGAKURA showed his courage by leading members of a suicide squad and charging with a sword against the bullet-firing imperial army.
178076. In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi in the next year, 1868, Naonori fought as the army of old bakufu but he seceded, and thereafter, Naonori joined the Meiji Government and moved from place to place to fight in the Boshin Civil War.
178077. In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi on January 27, 1868, he organized the Kesshi-tai (suicide corps) with Shinpachi NAGAKURA and others, and cut their way into the enemy position.
178078. In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he fought against Shinsengumi under the command of Hanjiro NAKAMURA of the Satsuma clan, and then joined the spearhead convoy of the expeditionary force to the east.
178079. In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, he got injured; however, he joined an army at the Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma and participated in the Aizu War.
178080. In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, the castellan Masakuni INABA and some other people refused the request of the Shogunate forces to allow them entry the castle since they had decided to side with the new government.
178081. In the Battle of Toba-Fushimi, whereby the Boshin War started, Tomozane made great achievements by leading an army himself and defeating the bakufu army, and in 1869, was awarded shotenroku (a premium) of 1,000 koku (approximately 180 cubic meters of rice).
178082. In the Battle of Togeshita in the early stage of Hakodate War, he tracked the enemy who killed Yutaka MIYOSHI (Hannosuke OGASAWARA, younger brother of Nagamichi), but was hit in the chest by the enemy and killed on the way.
178083. In the Battle of Uji Byodo-in, they were outnumbered and defeated and Kanetsuna died bravely in Uji Byodo-in Temple (Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture) guarding Yorimasa.
178084. In the Battle of Ulsan, he commanded the Kobayakawa force and rescued Urusan wajo Castle (Japanese style castle) where Kiyomasa KATO and his followers confined themselves.
178085. In the Battle of Usubagahara, which was the all-out war between the Utsunomiya clan and the Nasu clan broke out on April 24, 1585, her husband Tokinari YAMADA died in the battlefield and Yamada-jo Castle where she and her husband lived was defeated by the army of the Nasu clan.
178086. In the Battle of WADA (1213), Chikayuki's grandfather, Chikaie, who took the side of the army of the Wada clan, fought against the army of the Hojo clan and got captured.
178087. In the Battle of WADA, he fought along with the family.
178088. In the Battle of Wada, some samurai bands, such as the Wada clan and Yokoyama party, suffered from damages so seriously that the entire clan was almost destroyed, so this episode of Chikaie's is very outstanding under those circumstances.
178089. In the Battle of Yashima as well as in the Battle of Dannoura, both of which occurred in 1185, he always took the lead and fought valiantly.
178090. In the Battle of Yashima, he took one month to carefully prepare the attack by securing the food and battle ships, counting on the support of the local naval forces, as well as, having close communications with the anti Taira family powers in Shikoku.
178091. In the Battle of the Suncheon Waeseong Castle from the late September to the early October in 1598, he repelled the Ming and Korean army which attacked from land and sea.
178092. In the Battle on Mt. Tobigasu the Takeda army lost distinguished busho (Japanese military commanders), including Nobuzane KAWAKUBO the Commander-in-Chief, Moritomo SAEGUSA, Sadanari GOMI, Narishige WADA, Muneyasu NAWA and, Suketomo IIO.
178093. In the Battles of Bunroku and Kicho (the invasion of Korea by Toyotomi HIDEYOSHI) of 1592, he led 8,000 people from Mino Province including Tanenao ENDO and Yoshitaka ENDO and crossed the ocean to Korea as a member of the ninth troop with Hidekatsu TOYOTOMI and Tadaoki HOSOKAWA.
178094. In the Besshi dozan copper mine, an incident concerning an engineer, KANAYA so & so, occurred, and in 1886, KANAYA and Hiroshi HIROSE, who was shihainin (manager), were punished and the kantoku (manager) of Yamane Seirensho (smelting works), Tomokiyo OSHIMA was also punished..
178095. In the Bible translated into Japanese, a translation of 'matsuri' is given in both the Old Testament and the New Testament.
178096. In the Bingo Province area where Kansaifu-okonomiyaki was originally mainstream, Hiroshimafu-okonomiyaki later became widespread.
178097. In the Bon Festival (Buddhist Festival of ancestral spirits) there is also a custom of the fire burning, but it is considered as the mixture of a folk custom and Buddhist ritual that welcomes and sees off ancestral spirits.
178098. In the Book of the Ling Dynasty "Ryojo"(梁書) it is recorded that "the Great General of Holding the East the King of Wa, Bu was given the title"the General of Subduing the East in 502" which is regarded as meaning Emperor Buretsu as it corresponds chronologically to Bu, the King of Wa (Waobu,倭王武).
178099. In the Boshin Civil War in 1868, he was loyal to the new government at first as he served as a guard for Hachiman, Yamashiro Province, but he opposed the army of the new government and fired at them, so he was considered an enemy of the Emperor.
178100. In the Boshin Civil War, he supported the New government army.
178101. In the Boshin Civil War, the Yonezawa Domain fought as a leader of the Ouetsu-reppan alliance that was hostile to the government force, but was defeated.
178102. In the Boshin Civil War, their contributions were rewarded with Shotenroku (additional rice stipends) of 50 goku.
178103. In the Boshin War (1868), he belonged to the first platoon in the castle town (joka ichiban shotai) and fought in the battle of Fushimi at the headquarters set up in Gokonomiya Shrine, and due to distinguished services he was appointed to assistant chief (kogashira minarai) of the platoon.
178104. In the Boshin War from January 1868, the Sasayama clan was divided into two factions, the Sabaku and the Sonno, and they fought each other.
178105. In the Boshin War he sided with bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
178106. In the Boshin War in 1868, he was active on the North Kanto and Aizu fronts as daigunkan (senior commander), and in 1870, he committed to the reformation of domain duties as Han shosanji (second to a governor).
178107. In the Boshin War of 1868, the Kameyama Domain surrendered to an agent of the new government.
178108. In the Boshin War, Miharu Domain first joined in the Ou (Mutsu Province and Dewa Province) allied troops, but KONO was with his brother, Hiroyasu, and set up its submission to the Meiji Government and held a meeting with the general stuff of Tosando spearhead governor, Taisuke ITAGAKI.
178109. In the Boshin War, Sendai Domain took the side of Aizu Domain.
178110. In the Boshin War, he belonged to the New government army.
178111. In the Boshin War, he fought in the Aizu War after fighting in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi
178112. In the Boshin War, he fought in the Battle of Toba-Fushimi and The Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma, and was killed on the field of the Battle of Bonari-toge.
178113. In the Boshin War, he served at Nishikinohata Bugyo (magistrate in charge of taking care of the imperial banners), and in April of 1868, he entered the Edo-jo Castle attending Imperial Prince Arisugawanomiya Taruhito.
178114. In the Boshin War, he was appointed the army commander of the Tosa Domain and a staff officer of the spearhead governor of Tosan-do Road, smashing Shinsengumi led by Isami KONDO in the Battle of Koshu-Katsunuma.
178115. In the Boshin War, he was assigned to an officer in charge of strategies at Tosando Sotokufu (the Tosando Viceroy Headquarters), and he fought battles at various places.
178116. In the Boshin War, he was recommended for the governor-general of Ou Chinbushi (temporary government post) in February 1868 and joined the war as the vice governor-general after Michitaka KUJO was assigned to the governor-general.
178117. In the Boshin War, he worked under Hanjiro NAKAMURA, statesman of the Satsuma clan and joined in wars including the battle of Toba-Fushimi.
178118. In the Boshin War, the causes of various incidents and reasons are often explained by relating them to revenge.
178119. In the Boshin War, which began with the Battle of Toba and Fushimi in January 1868, he fought battles along with the Sekihotai Army and then the Satsuma army.
178120. In the British equestrianism, some events, such as polo and Royal Canadian Mounted Police Musical Ride, riders have to rein with one hand.
178121. In the British equestrianism, the rider tightens the rein to control the horse closely; this is the basic feature of the riding style.
178122. In the Buddhist account (Tori no tera, Chokoku-ji Temple, in Asakusa), Tori no ichi has its origin in the fair that was held on the day, on which Myoken Daibosatsu was unveiled.
178123. In the Buddhist painting of the Takuma group around the end of the 12th century a touch of Suiboku-ga is already seen, but full-scale Suiboku-ga appeared around the end of the 13th century, which was almost four centuries later from the beginning of Suiboku-ga in China.
178124. In the Buddhist region of Asia, such as China, statues of Buddha had been carved into rock faces since ancient times.
178125. In the Bunei War in 1274, he commanded an army of 100 troopers or more jointly with his younger brother, Aritaka KIKUCHI, defeated Yuan's army and distinguished himself in the war, including the fact that he got 2 severed heads of the enemies (in most cases severed heads were generals') he defeated and repelled the enemy back to Akasaka (Fukuoka City).
178126. In the Bunei War in 1274, he fought against the Yuan (Dynasty) army in Hakozaki (Fukuoka City) and was defeated.
178127. In the Bungo Area
178128. In the Bungoguchi area
178129. In the Bunmei era, it was located at its current site and enshrined the sochinju (local Shinto deity) of Yanagimoto.
178130. In the Bunmei era, there is a record outlining Kaneyoshi ICHIJO's stay at Shoho-ji Temple (正保寺) when he watched Ukai.
178131. In the Bunroku Keicho Campaign (started in 1592), he set up his camp at Nagoya-jo Castle in Hizen Province.
178132. In the Bunroku War, Korea was invaded up to Pyongyang, but it is said that this was because the Korean side made no preparation for the war based on the deputy head's opinion.
178133. In the Bunroku War, he also joined the first army under the direct control of Hideyoshi and stayed at the Hizen-Nagoya-jo Castle as 'orusuzaijinshu' (troops staying in Japan) with Hidetsuna HACHIMANYAMA, his brother who had become his adopted son ("Taikoki" (Chronicle of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI)).
178134. In the Bunroku campaign, he crossed the sea as the major captain of the gun unit.
178135. In the Bunroku campaign, which started in 1592, he went to the front line as a general.
178136. In the Bunroku-Keicho Campaign started in 1592, he invaded Korea as a spearhead.
178137. In the Bunroku-Keicho War in 1592, he was in the Nagoya-jo Castle in Hizen Province as a member of Umamawarishu (horse guards) of Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI..
178138. In the Bunroku-Keicho War in which people agonized for 'unbounded military services,' he could avoid crossing the sea.
178139. In the Bunroku-Keicho War which started in 1592, he sent troops to Yi Dynasty Korea.
178140. In the Bunsei era, according to "Tanki manroku (Random Record of the Society of Those Addicted to Curiosity)" by Bakin TAKIZAWA, there were roughly four types of Jodo Sugoroku.
178141. In the Byzantine Empire, there were instances of the Archbishop of Constantinople, who was the head cleric, filling the post of regent.
178142. In the COP3, the Kyoto Protocol was adopted to impose regulations on the emission of greenhouse gases by industrialized countries.
178143. In the Case of Sado (Japanese tea ceremony using Matcha [powdered green tea])
178144. In the Case of Senchado (Japanese tea ceremony using Sencha [brewed green tea])
178145. In the Chapter, Article 109, Paragraph 2 provides as follows.
178146. In the Chinese (Tang) ritsuryo that shaped the Japanese counterpart, however, the Soniryo belonged to the 'Dosokyaku' (code for priests) that covered Taoists in Taoism.
178147. In the Chinese Ritsuryo, the agency responsible for religious services was placed in the same category with the agencies responsible for general affairs, but in the Japanese system, the creation of the Department of Worship clearly separated religious and political affairs.
178148. In the Chinese cultural region, a newly-established dynasty was supposed to compile a history book to document the rights of their authority,
178149. In the Chinese culture area such as Hong Kong and Singapore, people celebrate the new year according to the lunar calendar in most cases.
178150. In the Chinese language bloc, even today people still take part in row boat races (ryusen or dragon boats) as Dragon Boat Festival that was associated with the fact that people took to the water in boats trying save Qu Yuan.
178151. In the Chinese version, however, the same pagoda is cited as 'hoto' or 'shippoto.'
178152. In the Choroku Conspiracy, his father Masamichi was killed by surviving retainers of Akamatsu clan who aimed for recapture of the Sacred Treasures of the Imperial Family.
178153. In the Choshu Conquest in 1866, the Hikone Domain led by Naonori II played a role of spearhead for Geishu-guchi.
178154. In the Choshu Conquest, Kiheitai Army was used as military force.
178155. In the Choshu Domain, ashigaru who committed capital crimes were not permitted to commit seppuku (ritual suicide by disembowelment) but were ordained to be crucified, so they were even differentiated from samurai with regard to criminal punishment.
178156. In the Choshu Domain, the extremists had dominated in the government; they had advanced to Kyoto, cooperated with other clans on those actions and gradually extended their political influence.
178157. In the Choshu clan, during the absence of Takasugi, Uta NAGAI and others of the old guard faction were ousted and the Sonno Joi faction (those who advocated reverence for the Emperor and expulsion of foreigners) became dominant.
178158. In the Chronicles of Japan, there is a description explaining that Taka-gari was practiced in the era of Emperor Nintoku (Nintoku 43) and Takakai-be who trained falcons, was appointed.
178159. In the Chubu and western Japan areas, round-shaped, ordinary salt- or soy sauce-flavored arare (rice crackers) is made as hina arare.
178160. In the Chubu region, a whole grilled fish is soaked in warmed sake and tasted.
178161. In the Chugoku Conquest by Hideyoshi TOYOTOMI in obedience to Nobunaga ODA's orders, he fought against them at the early stage but later surrendered.
178162. In the Chugoku region, 32 square front, square back tomb mounds are found around Matsue area of Shimane Prefecture.
178163. In the Chuin school, the differences in method details are regarded minor in importance.
178164. In the Chunqiu period, a political form called Kaimei-seiji (politics by pledge of feudal lords) emerged.
178165. In the Chuson-ji Temple Konjiki-do (golden hall) in Iwate Prefecture, there are three Shumidan (Buddhist altars).
178166. In the Cities of Komagane and Aizuwakamatsu shredded cabbage is spread over rice before a cutlet is placed.
178167. In the Civil Codes before the revision, the right to govern and direct the family i.e. the right of family head was assigned to the head of the family, and the title of the head of the family was called Katoku, the reigns of the family.
178168. In the Conspiracy of Yoshikazu HIKI in 1203, he joined tsuito-gun (the army to search and kill) along with his father.
178169. In the Constitution of 1868, however, the new government, which had mostly seized control of the regions to the west of Kanto, stipulated a new government-regulated organization to replace the Dajokan Sanshoku-taisei (an administrative body composed of a Sosai [President], Gijo [directors] and Sanyo [administrators] that had been acting as the provisional government).
178170. In the Constitution of Japan, ancestors of the Imperial family and its long duration are not stated at all.
178171. In the Constitution of Japan, it states that the 'Imperial Throne, which is hereditary, is succeeded under the rule of the Imperial House Act decided by the Diet'
178172. In the Constitution of the Empire of Japan proclaimed in 1889, Emperor's position was defined as follows.
178173. In the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the amount of authority the Emperor had was stated as below:
178174. In the Constitution of the Empire of Japan, the supreme command of the military was given to the Emperor, not to the government, and using that as a reason, the military ignored governmental policy and became involved in the Manchurian and other incidents.
178175. In the Coup of August 18 (old lunar calendar; referring to September 30 according to new calendar), 1863, he was in charge of securing Kyoto.
178176. In the Coup of August 18 in 1863, he cooporated with the Satsuma domain to drive out the group of the Choshu domain from Kyoto together with his father.
178177. In the Coup of August 18 in the following year, he worked behind the scenes with Masakaze TAKASAKI and succeeded in driving Choshu Domain out of Kyoto.
178178. In the Coup of August 18, 1863, he guarded the front of Sento Imperial Palace and the south gate of Kinri-gosho (imperial palace and residence) with a white headband on his shaven head and a large naginata (Japanese halberd) at his side, just like Benkei, and won the nickname of "Imabenkei (contemporary Benkei)."
178179. In the Court Dinner held at the official residence of Prime Minister on the same night, the first lady Barbara Bush joked about the President's defeat in the tennis matches in her speech made on behalf of the President who was down with influenza.
178180. In the Crown Prince postmortem problem of Emperor Shotoku (Emperor Koken), he was in rivalry with KIBI no Makibi who supported FUNYA no Kiyomi from Emperor Tenmu 's series and later his younger brother FUNYA no Ochi.
178181. In the Daijokanpu (official documents of the Daijokan, Grand Council of State) issued on December 3, 895, people holding the fifth rank or higher and relatives of the Emperor were forbidden to go out of the Kinai region and Osaka no seki was considered as the east boundary.
178182. In the Daikakuji-to lineage, the Emperor Go-Daigo had been considered from the beginning as a caretaker emperor, and his enthronement was conditional, to be terminated at the time when the Prince Kuniyoshi, son of the late Emperor Go-Nijo (his elder brother), would be grown up.
178183. In the Daily Life Improvement Lectures held from May 4 to 11, 1922, Hamako TSUKAMOTO gave a lecture titled 'Improvement of clothing,' in which she said as follows.
178184. In the Daisho-ji Temple, there is a hosonaga of the Emperor Kokaku's daughter which is slim-fit and it has a length is long.
178185. In the Danjiri Matsuri Festival in Kishiwada, Osaka prefecture, decorated portable shrines of the local districts gather in Ryuchi-in Kumeda-dera Temple, Mt. Ryugasan, which was founded by Gyoki.
178186. In the Dankun myth, which originated in the Goryeo period of Korea, Dankun, a founder of Dankun (Korea) is regarded as a son who was born from Kanyu, a bastard child of Taishakuten (Kanin in 'Sangokuiji'), and a woman that had humanized from a female bear.
178187. In the December after the Tatebayashi Tokugawa family was founded, Tsunayoshi was appointed Sangi (a councilor) and came to be known popularly as "the Tatebayashi Prime Minister."
178188. In the Diet Building
178189. In the Diet under the Constitution of Japan where the Orders of the Golden Kite and peerages have been abolished, the rest of the ranks and orders excluding doctorates are still used in the memorial address for a Diet member.
178190. In the Diet, it is said that the parliamentarians got into a scuffle outside the Diet building.
178191. In the Discord of the Meitoku Era initiated by the Yamana clan in 1391, Motokuni joined the battle as one of the bakufu members.
178192. In the Doshisha Eve held in the 2006 academic year, an event to write a line or two on the Doi roof tiles, which was used in the repair work and said to last 100 years, was held.
178193. In the Dynasty period in which the name of an era was changed even due to a very slightly extraordinary event, the same gengo (an era name) was rarely used continually for as long as 23 years.
178194. In the Early Modern times general illegal acts that violated the procedures in the lawsuit regulations were called 'osso' and these acts were banned together with private disputes.
178195. In the East Pagoda of Yakushiji Temple in Nara, there is a roban (dew basin at the bottom of a pagoda finial) with an inscription 'in the eighth year of the enthronement of His Majesty the Emperor at Kiyohara no Miya, the year of Koshin.'
178196. In the East a lot of kofun were constructed as graves of powerful people in ancient times.
178197. In the East, koji is used for many food products, not only for sake, but also for other liquors, bean pastes, mirin (sweet cooking rice wine), soy sauces and, etc.
178198. In the East, we conquered fifty-five countries of Emishi.'
178199. In the Eastern expedition of Iwarebiko (the future Emperor Jinmu), Nagatsunehiko fought Iwarebiko but was defeated.
178200. In the Echigo Province, shugodai, the Nagao clan, assumed the real power and gave birth to Kenshin UESUGI and almost took control of the Hokuriku Region by 1576.
178201. In the Echizen Province, a large maniai-shi was made in the early stage.
178202. In the Edo Period
178203. In the Edo Period Kakeyumi (betting on a shooting) was strictly controlled, but some qualified Yaba archery ranges were in operation.
178204. In the Edo Period and before, only a few shrines, including the following, were built in the shinmei-zukuri style: Ise-jingu Shrine, Nishina-shinmeigu Shrine, which was under the control of a Shinto priest of Shinano Province (present day Nagano Prefecture), and Kono-jinja Shrine in Tango Province (present day Kyoto Prefecture).
178205. In the Edo Period it was called "Honshiki no yoroi" (armor for the main ceremony).
178206. In the Edo Period successive Tokugawa Shogun favored Taka-gari.
178207. In the Edo Period the activities of each school were at their peak.
178208. In the Edo Period the sukiya style spread from teahouses to residential houses.
178209. In the Edo Period there was an active exchange between Kabuki in eastern and western Japan, and many of the Kamigata-style stagings were brought to Edo and used as a source of nourishment for Edo Kabuki.
178210. In the Edo Period when there was no more war, large armor was symbolically used as a retro armor in the daimyo (feudal lord) family, etc.
178211. In the Edo Period, Ansai YAMAZAKI left various oral descriptions stating that these treasures had mystic significance in Suika Shinto (Shinto thoughts advocated by Yamazaki).
178212. In the Edo Period, Keichu and KAMO no Mabuchi believed that Hitomaro ended his life as a subordinate official of the sixth grade or lower, for the following reasons which are based on historical sources.
178213. In the Edo Period, Onuki clan produced military officers, Bugyo (magistrate), Kanjogata (accounting officer) and swordplay masters as chief vassals of hereditary daimyo of Akita Domain.
178214. In the Edo Period, a pilgrimage to Kumano Sanzan became popular among common people, along with a pilgrimage to Ise.
178215. In the Edo Period, beef was presented to the Shogun family by Hikone Clan in the form of misozuke (pickling in miso [fermented soybean paste]) or of dried meat in the name of 'yojoyaku' (medicine for health).
178216. In the Edo Period, breaking through a barrier was a felony, and even the barrier keeper (Togashi in this case) was subject to severe punishment.
178217. In the Edo Period, it contributed to the development of the city by Omi shonin (Omi merchants), i.e. Hachiman shonin (Hachiman merchant).
178218. In the Edo Period, it was common for a customer who came to a machiai jaya to request a specific geisha through that chaya (restaurant) (which is referred to as 'to call so-and-so in' or 'to let so-and-so know') to be entertained at ageya (brothel).
178219. In the Edo Period, it was known as a strategic spot with a sekisho (checking station) built by Obama clan.
178220. In the Edo Period, the 12-koku temple estate was officially recognized.
178221. In the Edo Period, the Japanese sake was far sweeter and heavier compared with the current average refined sake, and its quality resembled today's mirin (sweet rice wine for cooking).
178222. In the Edo Period, the Nara Kitamachi area flourished centering on Nara-Kaido Road leading to Kyoto as a north gateway of Nara to Todai-ji Temple, etc., in which hatago (inn with meals) and shops stood side by side.
178223. In the Edo Period, the post was established with service to Ieyasu TOKUGAWA.
178224. In the Edo Period, when the world revolved around samurai takuan was an essential old standby side dish but it was a taboo to serve samurai either one piece or three pieces of takuan in those days.
178225. In the Edo Shogunate the Seii Taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") had the supreme power to grant a pardon when either the Tokugawa Shogunate Family or the Imperial Family had an auspicious event, a calamity or held a Buddhist memorial service.
178226. In the Edo Shogunate, roju (senior councillor of the Tokugawa shogunate) was kahan no retsu, but in the beginning those who were qualified to attend Hyojosho (conference chamber) such as kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance) were also considered as kahan.
178227. In the Edo bakufu, Fudai daimyo (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family) was mainly appointed to Sojaban (an official in charge of the ceremonies), and was simply called 'Soja,' and in charge of the duties of Moushitsugi.
178228. In the Edo bakufu, Suden ISHIN and Katsushige ITAKURA were in charge of the affairs of temples and shrines in 1612, although they had no specific positions. (Suden was a priest and Katsushige returned to secular life)
178229. In the Edo bakufu, the officers in this post watched for Wakatoshiyori (governmental officers in the bakufu) the states of Hatamoto (direct retainers of the bakufu) and Gokenin (also direct retainers of the bakufu, but lower-ranked than Hatamoto).
178230. In the Edo bakufu, the post of Rokuninshu (literally, six persons; corresponding to the later Wakadoshiyori (literally, younger old persons) post) was established in 1634, and was abolished in 1649, with the job absorbed in that of Roju.
178231. In the Edo bakufu, the two types of operations are integrated into the kanjosho, but many of the domains have two independent organizations.
178232. In the Edo bakufu, yoriki were posted together with doshin (officers under yoriki) to assist their senior officers..
178233. In the Edo period (1603-1867), by the technique of wood block print, it began to be printed on uta-garuta (poem cards) with beautiful illustrations and was spread through common people.
178234. In the Edo period Genjina were used by prostitutes in the red light districts (at which stage the "Genjina" bore no relationship with the previous usage and there was a proliferation of such names).
178235. In the Edo period Mimitsu flourished as the port where wood brought from the inland along Mimi-kawa River was reloaded.
178236. In the Edo period he was revaluated as a loyal subject by imperialistic historians of Mitogaku.
178237. In the Edo period in Kyoto and Osaka, courtesans of the highest rank were called "tayu."
178238. In the Edo period it was called 'Kamaboko' (cattail) because the shape was similar to the cattail plant.
178239. In the Edo period it was considered as a sukei no yashiro (literally means a shrine of reverence) of Minakuchi Domain.
178240. In the Edo period it was customary that the Kaga domain would present ice from a himuro to the shogun family on June 1 of each year.
178241. In the Edo period it was rebuilt, and the current shrine building was built in 1862.
178242. In the Edo period it was the official costume of 'Chigo' (a page) who did routine work in the Imperial Palace, in latter half of the Edo period, many court nobles wore Warawa noshi for the coming-of-age ceremony and they changed to ikan (traditional formal court dress) after wearing the crown.
178243. In the Edo period people believed that they could escape damage from the earthquakes if they write down the poem, recite it three times and stick it on the gate.
178244. In the Edo period rice price was considered to link with shoshiki, however, price slump caused by increased production of rice incurred the phenomenon of 'shoshiki-kojiki by low rice price' in Kyoho era.
178245. In the Edo period the Hino merchants peddled hinowan which became widespread as daily lacquerware all over Japan.
178246. In the Edo period the family used '菅野' but Suga's father changed it to '管野' in the Meiji period.
178247. In the Edo period the kabuki actors were hired for a full year, starting in November and ending next October.
178248. In the Edo period the term kyujin was also used as a general term to collectively mean a tax collector.
178249. In the Edo period the word specified a lord who was granted a territory of 10,000 koku or more from the Edo Shogunate.
178250. In the Edo period these stories were taken up as a theme of Joruri (a dramatic narrative chanted to a samisen accompaniment) and Kabuki.
178251. In the Edo period when samurai ethics of seeing loyalty to lord as all-important were gradually established, the phenomenon was not seen with Tokugawa Shogunate Family at least, but the practice remained to be seen as an extraordinary step to forcibly confine lords who misconducted themselves.
178252. In the Edo period when the superior-inferior relationships were established, jikisan was permitted to have an audience with the shogun, but baishin was not permitted to have an audience with the shogun even if such baishin was Karo (chief retainer) whose clan had a daimyo-level yield of not less than 10,000 koku.
178253. In the Edo period, "Koyo Gunkan" became popular, 24 busho (Japanese military commander), who were the most acclaimed Busho among busho of the Takeda family in the period of Shingen, were called `The Twenty-Four Generals of Takeda.'
178254. In the Edo period, "Koyo Gunkan" that mainly described Shingen's reign or strategy was established.
178255. In the Edo period, 'gakumonjo' was known as the abbreviation of Shoheizaka Gakumonjo (Shoheizaka school) established by the Edo bakufu, and in addition, the name was adopted by some of the schools established by the Edo bakufu and hanko (domain schools) owned by domains.
178256. In the Edo period, 'so-shibori' was restricted, because it was too luxurious.
178257. In the Edo period, Ansai YAMAZAKI established rules for ritual procedures based on a ceremony style for Confucianism and worshipped his soul.
178258. In the Edo period, Basho MATSUO lived temporary in Takenouchi Settlement along the road.
178259. In the Edo period, Buke shohatto (Laws for the Military Houses) initially prescribed that 'daimyo is an owner of a castle with a stipend of not less than 50,000 koku of rice' and 'shomyo is a regional government officer (jinya) with a stipend of under 50,000 koku.'
178260. In the Edo period, Chogin were circulated widely in western Japan mainly in the Osaka and Hokuriku and Tohoku regions.
178261. In the Edo period, Christian mirrors and others were produced because of the ban on Christianity.
178262. In the Edo period, Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) defined Daimon as 'a formal wear for samurai families with Buke-kani (official court titles for samurai) or higher titles.'
178263. In the Edo period, Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) issued a strict order that people are allowed to enter the mountain only when they had a tablet of the mountain (山札) from a shrine.
178264. In the Edo period, Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) laid down the regulations on costumes of the women in O-oku (the inner halls of Edo-jo Castle where the wife of the Shogun and her servants reside), and the other Daimyo families (feudal lord families) came to follow this convention, too.
178265. In the Edo period, Fuke sect was a special religious school that was formed by group of komuso.
178266. In the Edo period, Hakuseki ARAI and Norinaga MOTOORI delivered their own theories about the presumed location and the journey.
178267. In the Edo period, Hozan-ji Temple was believed in by the common people in Osaka as a god of commerce.
178268. In the Edo period, Japan was in a state of what is called national isolation, ending cultural exchanges with foreign countries except for China (Ming, Qing) and the Netherlands, establishing peace which continued for 250 years instead.
178269. In the Edo period, Japan was in national isolation so there was only limited contact with foreign countries.
178270. In the Edo period, Kitakaze family was divided into the major seven families, and dominated Hyogo Juni-hama (twelve seashore areas).
178271. In the Edo period, Kitakinki was divided and controlled by small clans such as the Miyazu clan, Obama clan, Tango Tanabe clan, Fukuchiyama clan, Ayabe clan, Sasayama clan, Toyooka clan, and Izushi clan.
178272. In the Edo period, Koishikawa included areas not only around the Koishikawa Village in Toshima County, Musashi Province but also the areas from the Kanda Josui (Kanda water supply), which is the current Suidobashi Station area, to Hakusan (Bunkyo Ward).
178273. In the Edo period, Masanori FUKUSHIMA who ruled Bingo Province inaugurated a large scale construction of 'the Tomo-jo Castle' by enclosing with the walls the whole town of Tomo with the Tomo-yogai Fortress as the center, but the construction incurred Ieyasu TOKUGAWA's wrath and was thereby cancelled.
178274. In the Edo period, Murakiri (defining boundaries of a village) was conducted under the shogunate system, and the Honbyakusho (a freeholding farmer) system was established; Miyaza (zakata) and the village administration (murakata) were operated separately.
178275. In the Edo period, Nagamasa KURODA, the first feudal lord of the Fukuoka Domain, Chikuzen Province, started to present (kenjo) rolls of cloth and Hakata-ori textile obi sash to the shogunate.
178276. In the Edo period, Norinaga MOTOORI examined 'the old chronology' in his "Genji monogatari nenkiko"(written in 1763), revised part of it and included it as 'the improved and corrected chronology.'
178277. In the Edo period, Norinaga MOTOORI interpreted that Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten means a series of laws formulated during the Taika Reforms.
178278. In the Edo period, Norinaga MOTOORI, who presented a theory on Fukai-no-Joten/ Fukaijoten (The Irreversible Permanent Code), advocated in his books "Shokki Rekicho Shoshikai" and "Shokki Senmyo Monmoku," that it refers to a series of laws instituted during the Taika Reforms.
178279. In the Edo period, Otori-jinja Shrine (which enshrines Otori Daimyojin [the Great Eagle God]) in Hanamata Village, Minami Adachi County, Musashi Province (which is present Hanahata, Adachi Ward, Tokyo) thrived.
178280. In the Edo period, Otsu was restored.
178281. In the Edo period, Ozumo became a professional occupation.
178282. In the Edo period, Ryoi SUMINOKURA and his son Soan SUMINOKURA made the Takase-gawa River wider, linking Fushimi and the center of Kyoto and improving transportation further.
178283. In the Edo period, Sadaie's works were greatly appreciated by lords such as Enshu KOBORI and Harusato MATSUDAIRA.
178284. In the Edo period, Senko was also used as the substitute for a clock.
178285. In the Edo period, Shiga had Zeze, Minakuchi, Omizo, Nishioji, Omi-Miyagawa, Yamagami, and Mikami Domains and Omori Jinya (regional government office) of the Mogami family given the title of Kotaiyoriai (high-ranking liege vassals) and Kutsuki Jinya of the Kutsuki family given the title of Kotaiyoriai.
178286. In the Edo period, Tamamo no Mae was included as one of the three worst Japanese monsters along with Shutendoji (boy-faced giant) and the retired Emperor Sutoku (long-nosed goblin king of Sutoku), and she was featured in many kabuki performances, novels, comics, magazines, and paperbacks usually as an evil character.
178287. In the Edo period, Tang name was still continued as the elegant name attached to the Buke-kani (official court titles for samurai), and even after the ritsuryo system came to the end both in name and in reality by the Meiji restoration, it was taken over by attaching to the System of Departments of State in the early Meiji era.
178288. In the Edo period, Toba appeared in documents completely as individual villages by 'Kamitoba-mura Village' and 'Shimotoba-mura Village.'
178289. In the Edo period, Todo-za received the official permission and protection as the group of the blind.
178290. In the Edo period, Todo-za was authorized by the Edo bakufu, and was under the jurisdiction of jisha-bugyo (magistrate of temples and shrines).
178291. In the Edo period, Toshitsune MAEDA rebuilt it as a Buddhist temple and the Shuinjo (shogunate license to conduct trade) was issued.
178292. In the Edo period, Uchiwa fan became popular among ordinary people.
178293. In the Edo period, Wakan was restricted to only Busan Metropolitan City, where the Tsushima-fuchu Domain of Japan conducted diplomacy and commerce with Korean side.
178294. In the Edo period, Wamyosho books copied using woodblock printing were published.
178295. In the Edo period, Yamazaki was granted autonomy as the domain of the Hachimangu Shrine.
178296. In the Edo period, Yuzensai MIYAZAKI, a famous designer and painter of folding fan images, applied innovative designs to a conventional dyeing technology called 'noribosen' (a kind of dyeing technique using rice glue to keep undyed parts).
178297. In the Edo period, a "Geba-fuda" (a sign notifying horse riders that they are prohibited from entering the area indicated while mounted on a horse) was put up outside of a castle, and inside the castle, everybody except the shogun was, depending on their rank, obliged to dismount from their horse.
178298. In the Edo period, a book that specialized in the cooking of Fucha ryori cuisine, "Fucha-ryori-sho," was published.
178299. In the Edo period, a financial network was formed with Osaka at its center, which developed into a national currency exchange system.
178300. In the Edo period, a growing number of Tenshu in castles were not reconstructed after being destroyed by fire.
178301. In the Edo period, a man called Jintaro in Inamiura, Kii Province (the present Inami-cho, Hidaka-gun, Wakayama Prefecture), devised the smoke seasoning method (also called the roast seasoning method), which removed the moisture from the fish by smoking, thereby making the product similar to today's arabushi.
178302. In the Edo period, a minimum of lifestyle stability was guaranteed by being given exclusive occupations such as the slaughter of livestock as well as leather craft and others.
178303. In the Edo period, a person who possessed (1) a field and (2) a house and land (farmer described in the cadastral register) and paid both (3) nengu and (4) miscellaneous taxes was regarded as hyakusho (hon-byakusho [peasant] or yakuya [peasants]) ("early hon-byakusho").
178304. In the Edo period, a race for successor of Yoshiaki occurred and the first son Yoshiyasu MOGAMI was assassinated.
178305. In the Edo period, all kinds of oraimono were made for text books at terakoya (temple elementary school during the Edo period),
178306. In the Edo period, amidst discussion and criticism, Aizu, Okayama, Mito, Choshu and Tsuwano domains abolished or integrated shoshi (small shrines) and shrines to evil deities.
178307. In the Edo period, an octagonal prism made of stone was found in a shrine called Nishinomiya-Jinja Shrine in Ono Village, Gamo District, Omi Province (present-day Ono [Shiga Prefecture] Hino-cho, Shiga Prefecture).
178308. In the Edo period, as mediators between feudal lords and people, Toiya served as public administrators in Shukubamachi (inn town), and at the same time, were chiefs of Machi yakunin (officials in a post station) who were in charge of Toiyaba (administration office).
178309. In the Edo period, as part of their program to settle the wrongs of the Toyotomi government, the Tokugawa clan pardoned the Shingi Shingon sect and together with the reconstruction of Negoro-ji Temple, Kakuban was afforded the honorary title of 'Kokyo-Daishi' from the Emperor Higashiyama.
178310. In the Edo period, average amount of hair reduced because people got the front part of their heads shaved, and they could not use kanzashi to fix a Court cap any more.
178311. In the Edo period, because Shake (Shinto priest families) had the rank and status similar to that of the samurai class, their residences were also similar.
178312. In the Edo period, children began to sell omikuji (sacred lots)(which is also a kind of fortune-telling) standing at a tsuji, and that was also called tsujiura.
178313. In the Edo period, children used to enter Terakoya (temple elementary school during the Edo period) on this day.
178314. In the Edo period, chugen were servants under articles of apprenticeship or were recruited from an on a temporary basis only when needed.
178315. In the Edo period, climbing Mt. Fuji for worship became widely popular among commoners.
178316. In the Edo period, contemporary bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) instituted as a part of its policy for religions the Terauke seido (the system of organizing whole temples in Japan with registration of follower families) and made it mandatory for every family to become a parishioner of any temple designated as its bodaiji (a family temple).
178317. In the Edo period, cultivation of bonsai was popular as a sideline of the samurai, and bonsai and gardening boomed.
178318. In the Edo period, daikan as well as gundai (daikan administering relatively wide shogunal lands) were appointed by the bakufu under the control of kanjo bugyo (commissioner of finance), and they administered chigyo-chi of small sized hatamoto (direct retainers of the Edo bakufu) and tenryo (shogunal lands; the name tenryo was used after Meiji era).
178319. In the Edo period, despite the spectacular flowering of Hakuin Ekaku and Sengai Gibon, popularity of gaso gradually declined.
178320. In the Edo period, developing a new milling method made it possible to produce white konnyaku, whose bad reputation resulted in coloring konnyaku on purpose.
178321. In the Edo period, during the pace of unglazed earthenware and wooden bowls, porcelain bowls came into use and consequently the words 'meshijawan' (bowl for rice with lid), 'senchawan' (bowl for green tea) were created.
178322. In the Edo period, eshi were classified as 'goyo-eshi' (an official painter) or 'machi-eshi' (a town painter), and the Kano and the Tosa schools were famous among the goyo-eshi groups, and the Maruyama and the Shijo schools were well-known among the machi-eshi groups.
178323. In the Edo period, especially the fifth shogun Tsunayoshi TOKUGAWA liked the Hosho school so much that he told hayashi-kata (musical accompanists) of other schools to move to the Hosho school.
178324. In the Edo period, every daimyo (feudal lord) family under the shogunate system was said to have a firm kafu and kakun, and even among some merchants and peasantry families, kafu was established and kakun and kaken were prepared.
178325. In the Edo period, exchanges with China continued through Nagasaki even in the state of national isolation, and strong trends to admire China remained among Confucian scholars.
178326. In the Edo period, for the purpose of family registration control the public were required to belong to a temple of any sect or a shrine, which gave rise to various customs but those customs have become less common today.
178327. In the Edo period, four families of Miyabe, Nishimura, Higuchi, and Oyori came to an end and in the end of the Edo period, six families of Sanzaemon (Gosuke) YOSHIKAWA, Toemon (Toshichi) SHIMOMURA, Dendayu (Kudayu) TANABE, Genbe KAWASAKI, and Toemon IMAMURA were left.
178328. In the Edo period, giso kugyo attended on the emperor, passed on Imperial orders to kugyo and those in the lower position, and reported the preceedings to the throne.
178329. In the Edo period, goso referred to the collective petition of peasants to those in power.
178330. In the Edo period, however, as the bakufu enforced its policy on currency by starting to circulate Kanei Tsuho coins, shichusen gradually disappeared.
178331. In the Edo period, however, as the study of Japanese classical literature focused on Manyoshu, choka poems revived.
178332. In the Edo period, in many cases, banto (head clerk) and owners of large stores ordered their custom-made tools for a kind of fashion or a status symbol rather than liking for smoking.
178333. In the Edo period, in particular, he was depicted as a faithful warlord, which led to the creation of the image of 'Shikanosuke YAMANAKA' as an ill-fated hero.
178334. In the Edo period, increasing guests visited for toji in agricultural off-season and the facilities to accommodate them became hot spring hotels.
178335. In the Edo period, it became a customary practice for the imperial court to send it as one of the congratulatory gifts for the Tokugawa clan when a heir was born into the clan.
178336. In the Edo period, it became popular among ordinary citizens in keeping with the spread of sushi and soba (buckwheat noodles).
178337. In the Edo period, it evolved into a kind of clothing favorably worn by common people.
178338. In the Edo period, it moved from Saga to Nishijin (at present, in the vicinity of Horikawa-dori Street and Imadegawa-dori Street).
178339. In the Edo period, it played an important role as yakuban (gate guard) of Chion-in Temple.
178340. In the Edo period, it was awarded Shuinjo (shogunate license to conduct trade).
178341. In the Edo period, it was awarded the Shuinjo (shogunate license to conduct trade) by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
178342. In the Edo period, it was called 'kodoin,' or 'kochu-in,' and also called as common names 'eto-in,' 'ju-in,' or 'Hakata-in.'
178343. In the Edo period, it was determined as a formal dress for a samurai ranked Ikai (court rank) below Rokui (Sixth Rank) by the feudal government.
178344. In the Edo period, it was given Shuinjo (shogunate license to conduct trade) by the Edo bakufu and had approximately ten tatchu (sub-temples on the site of the main temple); however, it has declined since the Meiji period, and today it has only a hondo (Shaka-do Hall) and a kuri (the priest's living quarters or the kitchen of a temple), etc.
178345. In the Edo period, it was moved to its present location in Kita Shirakawa in 1662.
178346. In the Edo period, it was not performed except for a few occasions, but recomposed at the end of the Edo period, now in 2006 it is performed only by the Noh kanze-ryu school.
178347. In the Edo period, it was organized by bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), but it was dissolved by the Meiji Government in 1871 because it had strong ties with the Edo bakufu.
178348. In the Edo period, it was prohibited to publish this document.
178349. In the Edo period, it was regarded as the utmost formal dress of the samurai without rank, because many town people with status also followed this practice, it is still used in the traditional Japanese theater and the festival and so on.
178350. In the Edo period, it was renamed Taishogun-sha, and in the Meiji period, it was changed to the current name.
178351. In the Edo period, it was revered by the Ii clan, the lord of the Hikone Domain.
178352. In the Edo period, it was the Supreme Court of the Edo Shogunate.
178353. In the Edo period, it was transferred to the area near Rokujo and was referred to as 'Rokujo Misujimachi,' having produced renowned geisha such as Yoshino-dayu (Geisha Yoshino with the honorary suffix 'dayu' for geisha or courtesans added).
178354. In the Edo period, kanjin-Noh became commercial performances by tayu (leading actors in Noh plays) of Shiza Ichiryu (a generic name given to major five Noh schools: the Kanze school, the Hosho school, the Konparu school, the Kongo school, and the Kita school) on the whole.
178355. In the Edo period, koka to Gosekke, the five biggest court noble families, started again.
178356. In the Edo period, land surveys were also conducted following the example of the Taiko-kenchi.
178357. In the Edo period, male adults had the decency to remove their pubic hair with pumice stones or incense sticks at sento (public bathhouses) so that it did not show.
178358. In the Edo period, many fires were caused by smoking in bed.
178359. In the Edo period, manzai named after its originating location including Owari Manzai, Mikawa Manzai and Yamato Manzai became popular in many places throughout the country, which developed into something much funnier by adding more wisecracks and riddle dialogues to utamai (a performance of singing and dancing).
178360. In the Edo period, merchants of the middle class or higher had their stores facing main streets, but most of the other merchants and craftsmen rented dwellings in nagaya located along the back streets.
178361. In the Edo period, more and more monzeki became court nobles.
178362. In the Edo period, neri-yokan reached at its height.
178363. In the Edo period, on top of the then existing oraimono such as "Teikin Orai," new oraimono were introduced with different purposes.
178364. In the Edo period, one's manner of dress was informal if it used the solid-color montsuki kosode as kamishimo, but today it is recognized as formal dress.
178365. In the Edo period, only an inmotsusatsu (a kind of ginsatsu) to be used to purchase presents for family members was issued, for the purpose of thrift.
178366. In the Edo period, only one in every 300 decchi in the Mitsui family could get to the level of sharing the goodwill.
178367. In the Edo period, other than Yukaku licensed by the government, there were partly-admitted Meshimori hatago (inn where a woman provide food and service) in an inn town and whorehouses called Okabasho in a temple town.
178368. In the Edo period, painting pictures on kagami-ita was the role of o-e-dokoro (persons in charge of painting pictures) the Kano family and they started to paint the pictures employing kagami-ita pictures of the front stage in the main enclosure of Edo-jo Castle as the model of the layout of the pictures.
178369. In the Edo period, peddlers sometimes carried a yoke hanging their products from both ends of it for transport.
178370. In the Edo period, people actively made pilgrimages to distant temples and shrines.
178371. In the Edo period, praying for practical benefits such as the well-being of the family or prosperity of business became widespread among common people, and it is in the Edo period that people began dedicating small ema as we do today.
178372. In the Edo period, processions were held to transport the chatsubo contained Uji tea, a special local product of the present day Uji City, Kyoto Prefecture, which was to be presented to the Tokugawa Shogun family; the route taken (Tokai-do Road, Nakasen-do Road) was called the 'Chatsubo journey.'
178373. In the Edo period, rokushaku fundoshi were 6 shaku according to a carpenter's square, which totals to about 180 cm, and were often worn by tying it behind the wearer's back, with a maedare hanging down (often folded into a triangle).
178374. In the Edo period, samurai families started presenting Hagoita in celebration of girl's birth.
178375. In the Edo period, sekisho (checking stations) and kuchidome-bansho (checkpoints) were set up at various places to strictly control the movement of people.
178376. In the Edo period, sencha was widely enjoyed by literary men influenced by Chinese culture and we can say that 'aoseisencha seiho' was a peak of manufacturing method for Japanese tea reached in such cultural and economical demands.
178377. In the Edo period, so-called pop culture (sub culture) became very popular.
178378. In the Edo period, social status-based control was followed in building a house.
178379. In the Edo period, some lands that were formerly owned by temples/shrines were returned to them and secured by the bakufu/daimyo with shuinjo/kokuinjo.
178380. In the Edo period, swordsmithery flourished in Edo, Osaka and other regions, and famous swordsmiths including Kotetsu NAGASONE, Kunihiro HORIKAWA, Shinkai INOUE, and Sukehiro TSUDA appeared.
178381. In the Edo period, tempura was a convenient dish which was very available for ordinary people at food stalls.
178382. In the Edo period, the "Okina play" plus five dramas of Noh was a formal presentation.
178383. In the Edo period, the Bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) provided Daimyo with land in the neighborhood of Edo-jo Castle or in suburban areas where daimyo built their houses, and they also kept residences in Osaka or in Kyoto for their own convenience.
178384. In the Edo period, the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and the various domains re-established barrier checkpoints, as they were necessary for military and police purposes.
178385. In the Edo period, the Emperor did not hold actual political power, and had an economical base of only 10,000 koku (unit for measuring land in Japan) (later 30,000 koku) of territory.
178386. In the Edo period, the Kaga Clan implemented extensive incentive measures for the confectionery business in its domain whereby, as a result, manufacturing techniques for rakugan has much progressed in Kanazawa City, and Choseiden (celebrated rakugan presently made in Kanazawa City) is one of the achievements of the time.
178387. In the Edo period, the Kai-Tada clan was ranked "hatamoto" (direct retainers of the 'bakuhu').
178388. In the Edo period, the Kannon pilgrimage spread among ordinary people, and together with the Bando Sanjusankasho (Thirty-three Holy Places of Kannon in the Bando region) and the Chichibu Sanjuyonkasho (Thirty-four Holy Places of Kannon in the Chichibu area), the Saigoku Sanjusankasho came to be called the 'Nihon Hyaku Kannon' (hundred Kannon temples in Japan).
178389. In the Edo period, the Karo post was inherited by the families of prominent Fudai retainers, or was occupied alternately by powerful Fudai retainers themselves (who had the status to appoint Karo officers).
178390. In the Edo period, the Kitsuregawa clan, descendants of the Kamakura Kubo family, was awarded the gosho-go.
178391. In the Edo period, the Koide clan moved into Sonobe, reconstructed the Sonobe-jo Castle, and formed the Sonobe clan.
178392. In the Edo period, the Obaku sect, one of the Zen sect, was introduced from China following the decline of the Ming Dynasty.
178393. In the Edo period, the Okura school served as an official Kyogen school in the Shogun's court, along with the Sagi school.
178394. In the Edo period, the Sanin-kaido Road ran across the present-day Nishikyo Ward, and Katsura and the Katagihara and Oe areas along the road prospered as the shukuba-machi (post stations).
178395. In the Edo period, the Seshu-Shinno-ke was the name for the four princely houses that retained the title of Imperial Prince for generations by order of the Emperor regardless of their genealogical distance from the reigning Emperor.
178396. In the Edo period, the Shirakawa family called itself "Hakke Shinto" and competed with the Yoshida family, but after Jisha Hatto (Act governing temples and shrines) was enacted, the superiority of the Yoshida family could not be offset.
178397. In the Edo period, the Tokugawa Shogun family, Owari Tokugawa family, Kishu Tokugawa family, and Sunpu Tokugawa family (discontinued) of the Tokugawa clan were assigned.
178398. In the Edo period, the Wakae family, the family of Shinto priests serving the shrine on a hereditary basis was revived, the main building of the shrine was rebuilt in Tonodan, and was enshrined in its current location in 1761.
178399. In the Edo period, the archers of various clans established an archery tournament known as Toshiya along the western side of the main hall (approximately 121m).
178400. In the Edo period, the area where the Izumo mausoleum of the gods is located (Hakuta-cho, Yasugi City, Shimane Prefecture) was known as Mori Domain (written with characters meaning 'mother's village'), a sub-domain of Matsue Domain.
178401. In the Edo period, the art of underarm firing of Japanese artillery, which was unique to Japan, was included.
178402. In the Edo period, the bakufu assigned this fushin to each daimyo regularly in order to prevent each daimyo from accumulating wealth.
178403. In the Edo period, the character of "御" (indicating a honorific expression) was added to its head, because this karo was appointed by Shogun, but today the more simple term of Tsukegato is used more often instead.
178404. In the Edo period, the currency value of Hyoryo ginka (the silver coin used as the currency by weight) depended on its weight, and in 1700, 60 monme of chogin (silver coin) was officially equalized in value with 1 ryo of koban (former Japanese gold coin of oval shape), however, it was actually floating rate by the market economy.
178405. In the Edo period, the exchange rate among koban, chogin, and copper coin fluctuated day by day.
178406. In the Edo period, the family of Nihei ISHII and the family of Yaichi received salary from the Kaga Domain and the Owari Domain respectively while residing in Kyoto.
178407. In the Edo period, the five families of the Ogasawara clan became fudai daimyo (a daimyo in hereditary vassal to the Tokugawa family).
178408. In the Edo period, the following figures are also known as members of the Imperial Family who succeeded the Tosho family (the hereditary lineage of Court nobles occupying relatively high ranks).
178409. In the Edo period, the following three members of the Imperial Family succeeded to Sekke.
178410. In the Edo period, the grand temples of the Tendai sect in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly Kanto region), Rinno-ji Temple on Mt. Nikko in Nikko and Kanei-ji Temple on Mt. Toei (Tenkai was the founder and the first chief priest) in Ueno were built by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
178411. In the Edo period, the head family of the school belonged exclusively to the Konparu school, and furthermore, the Ko Seigoro family, which Kazumune's second son started, also flourished by performing exclusively for the Hosho school.
178412. In the Edo period, the hereditary stipend was 350 koku.
178413. In the Edo period, the moro-haku transported from "Kamigata" (Kyoto and Osaka area) down to Edo was called "kudari moro-haku."
178414. In the Edo period, the notion of 'kanzen choaku' (rewarding good and punishing evil), which originated from Confucianism and was protected and encouraged by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), prevailed.
178415. In the Edo period, the power of the regent's house was restored with the help of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), but it was only a nominal one, and not given any real power.
178416. In the Edo period, the printed setsuyoshu had been used continuously until the 'Inuibon' and its lineages waned due to the undue increase of supplements and the change of the style.
178417. In the Edo period, the professional poets, or so-called 'gyohai,' were referred to as haikai poets.
178418. In the Edo period, the requirements as a defensive city waned and they became increasingly the center of politics and economics by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) and Han (domain).
178419. In the Edo period, the school received a territory capable of yielding 100 koku of rice and at the beginning of the year provided the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) with nenzei (yearly predictions) to foretell the year's fortunes.
178420. In the Edo period, the shogunate government prohibited ikki.
178421. In the Edo period, the social status, the residential areas and the occupational functions were fixed.
178422. In the Edo period, the sonnoka (people with reverence for emperors) emphasized the "unbroken line of emperors" which implied the incredibly long history and continuity of the imperial family, to heighten respect and support for emperors.
178423. In the Edo period, the studies of Europe (western medicine, chemistry, physics) mean the western learning (蘭学, Rangaku), because in the period of national isolation, Netherlands was the only trading partner for Japan with the exception of Qing (current People's Republic of China).
178424. In the Edo period, the study of the sect was developed by Mujaku Dochu (1653 - 1744), who revised many books, established a detailed method and left enormous writings.
178425. In the Edo period, the temple received the protection of the Makino family who ruled the Tanabe Domain in Tango Province.
178426. In the Edo period, the temple was reconstructed on its current site based on the remaining artifacts but Kami-dera was not rebuilt and disappeared.
178427. In the Edo period, the term 'Han' was a nickname in Confucian literature so that it was not used in official systems and other names, such as 'XX kachu (family),' were used instead.
178428. In the Edo period, the term kaieki referred to a punishment to samurai, including territorial lords (called "daimyo") and direct vassals of the shogun (called "hatamoto"), by which they were deprived of their status as samurai, along with their territories, castles and residences.
178429. In the Edo period, the term was used for Tokugawa gosanke (three privileged branches of Tokugawa family), for Gosankyo (three privileged branches of Tokugawa family), and for the heir of shogun against a child from a legally unwedded wife of shogun.
178430. In the Edo period, the title became firmly established as another name for the Shogun who possessed absolute power; when people referred to Kubo, they almost always meant the Tokugawa Shogun.
178431. In the Edo period, the town was referred to by such sayings as 'you could find 70 percent of all Yamato Province's money in Imai' and 'they air the money even at the entrance.'
178432. In the Edo period, there was Sanka seido (Tokugawa coinage) in which Koban (oval gold coins), Chogin (silver coins), and Senka (small coins) were unlimitedly passable as standard coins in effect.
178433. In the Edo period, there was a temple called Shifuku-in on the east side of the Inarizuka-kofun Tumulus; however, due to the Haibutsu-kishaku (a movement to abolish Buddhism) such as the Shinbutsu-bunri-rei (a law to forbidden the fusion of Shinto and Buddhism) in the early years of the Meiji period, Koiji-inari Shrine was built on the hilltop.
178434. In the Edo period, there was no chance to use a sword in an actual war, so testing sharpness was often done.
178435. In the Edo period, there were many restaurants that supplied Fucha ryori cuisine to temples as outside contractors or which cooked for writers and artists, with no relationship to Buddhist activities.
178436. In the Edo period, there were nibukin, ichibukin, nishukin and isshukin as gold coins of counting currency like koban.
178437. In the Edo period, there were some hitashimono recipes that used boiled-down sake or vinegar as a seasoning or those used marine products as ingredients including awabi (abalone), sea cucumber, or jellyfish, but after the Meiji period, vegetable ohitashi seasoned with soy source has become the main stream recipe for ohitashi.
178438. In the Edo period, there were two methods of taxation.
178439. In the Edo period, these three families took over the occupation of Noh-men uchi from generation to generation.
178440. In the Edo period, they relayed petitions from temples and shrines through buke tenso to In or the Emperor and in some cases, to the Edo bakufu under the supervision of the buke denso.
178441. In the Edo period, they served the lord of the Kumamoto Domain in Higo Province, the Hosokawa clan as Hittokaro (head of chief retainers), and became the lord of Yatsushiro-jo Castle.
178442. In the Edo period, they sometimes wore ho directly over shiro kosode (a kind of white underwear) without wearing hitoe under ikan or noshi, or 'sashiko' (a kind of quilted trousers) or kiri-bakama (short fringe hakama) was worn instead of sashinuki for ordinary serving.
178443. In the Edo period, they still served in houses of nanushi (village headman), shoya (village headman), merchants and samurai families.
178444. In the Edo period, this area belonged to Kutsuki Domain in Omi Province.
178445. In the Edo period, this post was coveted by Tosho-ke.
178446. In the Edo period, this school performed exclusively for Kanze school and even now, the performance style is close to that of Kanze school.
178447. In the Edo period, this shrine was referred to as "Juni-sha Daimyojin Shrine."
178448. In the Edo period, this tumulus was considered as that of Emperor Sujin.
178449. In the Edo period, those territories were called "shihaisho."
178450. In the Edo period, those who had their own farmlands officially and paid rice as their land taxes were called Hyakusho.
178451. In the Edo period, todoza internally had the feature of mutual organization to provide the blind with vocational training, and on the other hand it had its own jurisdiction to establish and maintain the order within the blind society.
178452. In the Edo period, trade and manufacture, which started in the Kamakura period, markedly developed and such counties as Inukami, Echi, Kanzaki, Gamo, and Takashima, especially Hachiman (Omihachiman City), Hino-cho (Shiga Prefecture) and Gokasho-cho produced a lot of Omi merchants.
178453. In the Edo period, under the justice system of the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), azuke came to be conducted for each rank of the society (however, mushuku [homeless and jobless persons] were basically detained in prison).
178454. In the Edo period, various businesses (such as making brushes, ink, mosquito nets, bleached cotton cloth, futon (Japanese-style bedding), swords, sake liquor and soy sauce) developed on the premises of Gango-ji Temple which is now registered as the world heritage.
178455. In the Edo period, warriors were not allowed to play "shamisen" (a three-stringed Japanese banjo), which was the instrument for ordinary people, and peasants and merchants were not allowed to play "shakuhachi" (a vertical bamboo flute), which was a Buddhist ritual vessel of "komuso" (a mendicant Zen priest of the Fuke sect).
178456. In the Edo period, when a Daimyo family became subject to kaieki, they were beheaded (Katsuike MATSUKURA in the Shimabara War, for example) or were forced to carry out Seppuku (suicide by disembowelment) (Naganori ASANO in the Genroku Ako Incident, for example) if they committed a serious crime.
178457. In the Edo period, when a ban on luxury was initiated, wearing expensive silk clothes was prohibited.
178458. In the Edo period, when more popular culture flourished, a clear tendency towards secularism is also observed in the field of architecture.
178459. In the Edo period, when seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians") retired as ogosho and then granted Daijo-daijin, he were promoted to Juichii.
178460. In the Edo period, which followed on the heels of Hideyoshi's time, land surveys were occasionally conducted, either to take advantage of advances in agricultural techniques or the opening of new rice paddies, or because the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) or the domain conducting the survey had fallen into difficult financial straits.
178461. In the Edo period, while the samurai warriors always put on hakama, the commoners in towns didn't have that convention, and therefore, kinagashi was thought to be a custom peculiar to the townspeople.
178462. In the Edo period, with flourishing of whale hunt, whale meat became a popular lucky charm for ordinary people and was eaten at sekki.
178463. In the Edo period, with the re-establishment of Yusoku kojitsu (court and samurai rules of ceremony and etiquette), hosonaga was revived as a full dress for ladies of court nobles to wear at the time of 'Hakamagi ceremony.'
178464. In the Edo period, women living in Edo longed for high-quality beni which was brought all the way from Kyoto.
178465. In the Edo period, zoni of samurai families in Owari Domain and other domains of Tokai region contained only mochi and a type of brassica rapa (a kind of Chinese cabbage) called mochina.
178466. In the Edo period,the women of higher position such as joro (the highest grade ladies-in-waiting) and churo (the middle grade ladies-in-waiting) who serve in the O-oku (the inner halls of Edo-jo Castle where the wife of the Shogun and her servants reside) wore the uchikake.
178467. In the Edomae version, sushi rice mixed with chopped gourd, gari (slices of ginger pickled in sweetened vinegar) and mominori (toasted and crushed dried laver seaweed) is packed into the body of a boiled and seasoned squid, and the packed squid is served topped with the sauce called tsume.
178468. In the Eikyo War in 1439, he destroyed Mochiuji ASHIKAGA, Kanto-kubo, against whom he had conflicts for a long time.
178469. In the Einin era he is considered to be dead.
178470. In the Eiroku Incident of 1565 his elder brother Yoshiteru, the 13th Shogun, was assassinated by Hisahide MATSUNAGA, Miyoshi Sanninshu and others, and his younger brother Shuko ASHIKAGA, a head of Rokuon'in was also killed.
178471. In the Eiroku era, Suketada and his family fought against Nobunaga ODA, however, they were defeated by Nobunaga, after which they became direct retainers of Nobunaga.
178472. In the Eisho Disturbance, Sumimoto HOSOKAWA and Yukinaga MIYOSHI withdrew to Koga in Omi Province once, but they immediately invaded Kyoto and defeated the entire army of Sumiyuki HOSOKAWA.
178473. In the Eisho era (1504 - 1521), Nobutaka made a member of the clan Takanao UENO enter Kimurayama-jo Castle to make him the lord and appointed his son Yorihisa UENO to the lord of Bicchu Matsuyama-jo Castle, and he himself went back to Kyoto and served in the Muromachi bakufu again.
178474. In the Emperor Montoku's era, by jimoku (ceremony to appoint officials) in January 855, he was promoted to Jushiige (Junior Fourth Rank, Lower Grade) and he assumed the position of Inaba no kuni no kami (the governor of Inaba Province).
178475. In the Emperor Seiwa's era, he was promoted to Jushiijo (Junior Fourth Rank, Upper Grade) in 862.
178476. In the Emperor Suinins's era, Ichishi no Nagaochi founded the shrine by worshipping Yamato no Okuni Tama no Kami.
178477. In the Enbun era (1356 to 1360) of the period of the Northern and Southern Courts (Japan), Kaneyori SHIBA, a son of Iekane SHIBA, Oshu Kanrei (governor of Oshu), which was a branch of the Shiba clan, moved to Yamagata as Dewa no kuni Azechi and built Yamagata-jo Castle as his headquarters.
178478. In the Engi formality issued around 800, the number of counties in each Ryosei province was written.
178479. In the Engishiki (List of Official Shrines), which was established in the first half of the Heian period, it is listed as 'Mito-jinja Shrine sanza.'
178480. In the Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), 'Gofukusome tsukuridokoro' (the center for dyeing clothes), which succeeded to the function of Naisenshi, was put in Nuidonoryo and six Somete (dyer), who seems to have been later forms of Someshi (dyer), were staffed.
178481. In the Engishiki (an ancient book for codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), Mokuryo already had an official duty of dokoshi and thus the time is estimated to have been before that.
178482. In the Engishiki (an ancient manual of protocols and procedures for national rituals and prayers) of Shoryoryo (the Bureau of Imperial Mausoleum Administration), it says the following.
178483. In the Engishiki Jimmyocho (a register of shrines in Japan), this shrine is listed under 'Toichi County, Yamato Province, Onimasumishiritsuhiko-jinja Shrine Niza,' included in the Myojin-taisha Shrine and qualified to receive the offerings to deities in Tsukinami-sai Festival, Ainame-sai Festival and Niiname-sai Festival.
178484. In the Engishiki Jimmyocho (a register of shrines in Japan), this shrine is listed under 'Toichi-gun, Yamato Province, Onimasumishiritsuhiko-jinja Shrine Niza (enshrining two deities).'
178485. In the Engishiki Jinmyocho (a register of shrines in Japan), it is described as 'Katsuragimiagata-jinja Shrine, Katsuraginoshimo County, Yamato Province', and ranked as taisha (grand shrine).
178486. In the Engishiki Jinmyocho (register of shrines in Japan) it is recorded as 'Yamato Province Yoshino County Yoshino Mikumari-jinja Shrine'; belonging to a Grand Shrine, it received heihaku (a sacramental strip of silk offered to gods) at monthly and Niiname rites.
178487. In the Engishiki Shinmyo Cho (list of jinja shrines) compiled during the Heian period, several shrines, including Onsen-jinja Shrine, whose enshrined deity was the deity of hot spring were listed.
178488. In the Engishiki jimmyocho (a register of shrines in Japan) it is listed as 'Amakashinimasu-jinja Shrine Shiza in Takaichi-gun, Yamato Province' and is categorised as a taisha (grand shrine) in charge of the monthly Ainame-sai and Niiname-sai Festivals (ceremonial offering of newly-harvested rice by the Emperor to the deities).
178489. In the Engishiki jimmyocho (a register of shrines in Japan), it is listed as: 'A Nagao-jinja Shrine in Katsuragi-gun, taisha (a grand shrine), Tsukinami-sai Festival, Niiname-sai Festival (ceremonial offering by the Emperor of newly-harvested rice to the deities)'
178490. In the Engishiki law the shrine is listed as "The Four Shrines of Takakamo Ajisukitakahikone-no-Mikoto-jinja Shrine", is ranked as a Myojin Taisha and heihaku (a strip of silk offered to the deities) are presented on monthly, Ainame and Niiname festivals.
178491. In the Engishiki shinmeicho god list, Ikasuri no mikannagi no matsuru kami god was described as "five Ikasuri no mikannagi saishin festival gods" of the 36 gods in the Imperial Court, and it was written that the five gods were in the line for the main shrine and were invited for the gifts of Tsukinami (monthly festival) and Niiname (the new rice festival).
178492. In the Engishiki, it is ranked as Kokushi-kuni tokyu (a Kokushi (official) governing province).
178493. In the English-speaking world, a unit "fathom" with the same definition as the hiro is similarly used to sound the depth of water.
178494. In the Enkyo version of the tale (transcribed from the original in the early 14th period, during the Enkyo era), Yoshimune is described as having been executed by being put in a cage and drowned in the Katsura-gawa River and the two nurses as having become Buddhist nuns.
178495. In the Eshiroguchi area
178496. In the Esoteric Buddhism, it was determined that a lucky day should be chosen for the events such as making a statue, Shuho (an esoteric ritual) and kanjo (a ceremony to be the successor).
178497. In the FUJIWARA no Sumitomo's War, Toshimichi and his father TACHIBANA no Kimiyori, Dazai gon no sochi, countered the attacks of FUJIWARA no Suminori, Sumimoto's brother, who led the invasions of Dazai-fu (local government office in Kyushu region), in Kamachi Castle located on the outskirts of Yanagawa (City) and defeated Suminori.
178498. In the Faculty of Agriculture's Ground (commonly known as "No G"), located at the northeast corner, sports' club activities, such as those of the American football, are done.
178499. In the February 26 Incident of 1936, a contingent of (resolutely) mutinous officers had planned to attack Saionji, but the plan was never put into action.
178500. In the February 4th issue in the same year, a written apology was printed on paper.
178501. In the First World War: about 3,000
178502. In the First conquest of Choshu he dealt with the transaction in the surrender of Choshu Domain.
178503. In the Fiscal Year 2006, mikan crops were lower by 1 million tons after 43 years since 1963.
178504. In the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, the Sen family, a king of Wuyue, guarded the priests of the Hogan sect such as Eimei Dosen (永明道潜), Tendai Tokusho and Eimei Enju, so that it flourished in the Jiangnan district.
178505. In the Former Han Dynasty, the post was initially used to fill emergency needs, with important government officials very often named as the ad hoc chief of the army to quell riots and wars such as the Xiongno invasion, starting with Han Xin in the Chu-Han Contention period.
178506. In the Former Han dynasty an office called "gafu," which collected civil songs, was established.
178507. In the Former Han dynasty of ancient China, there was a prince who could not receive investiture of the crown prince or ascend the throne due to the troubles at his wife's parents' home, despite his distinguished service in defeating maternal relatives (Lu shi).
178508. In the Forth Diet, he led Liberal Party as a director of the House, and disputed with the Second ITO Cabinet over the budget.
178509. In the French army under the Ancien R?gime, the Von Plotho family was the main lineage of the Montblanc family and because the Von Plotho family had no successor the land was assigned to the Montblanc family.
178510. In the French region of Brittany, buckwheat porridge has been a staple food of the common people since ancient times.
178511. In the Fukuhara School, a score is vertically indicated, and the music pitch is indicated using numerals (the ryoon (lower tone) is indicated using Chinese numerals, while the kanon (medium-higher tone) is indicated using Arabic numerals).
178512. In the Fukui style, on the contrary, no shredded cabbage is used.
178513. In the Fukuju-ji Temple, there was an office for copying complete Buddhist scriptures (according to the Shoso-in archives dated April or May 741).
178514. In the Fukuyama and Tooriyama areas
178515. In the Fukuyama area
178516. In the Fundamental Rules of the Lotus Sutra, it is written that anyone who criticizes this sutra will be sent to Hell; thus Nichiren argued that Nenbutsu Buddhism was the teaching of Hell.
178517. In the Furyu school, one person performs one lion, and each person does the dance beating the drum tied to its belly.
178518. In the Fushimi Kitabori-koen park located adjacently, there is a gymnastic hall and some tennis courts.
178519. In the Gakubiwa, players are attempting to not only play parts in new Gagaku-kyoku (Gagaku music) but also reproduce the music of the Nara period.
178520. In the Gakunoki and Kiyotake Areas
178521. In the Gassan Toda-jo no Tatakai (Battle of Gassan Toda-jo Castle) from 1562 to 1566, Takakage defeated the Amago clan, his old enemy.
178522. In the Genko Incident in 1331, Emperor Godaigo's edict was delivered across the shoen of the Hachijoin-ryo, and this is believed to have been one of the reasons Takauji ASHIKAGA in the Ashikaga-no-sho district in the territory of Hachijoin (the Anrakuju-in Temple) raised an army.
178523. In the Genko Incident of 1331, he took up arms with Nakatoki HOJO, who was serving as Rokuhara Tandai Kitakata (Northern Chief of Rokuhara Tandai).
178524. In the Genko Incident that started in 1331, he followed the Kamakura bakufu as obanyaku (a job to guard Kamakura) and participated in the Battle of Chihaya-jo Castle, in which he fought Masashige KUSUNOKI who raised an army in Kawachi Province.
178525. In the Genko War of 1331, when the attack plan of Emperor Godaigo became known by the shogunate before the fact and the Emperor then evacuated to Mt. Kasagi in Kyoto Prefecture, the seventh head, Jiro Shigenori ASUKE, rushed to him first to engage him in battle.
178526. In the Genko War, he fought against the Emperor Godaigo in the area around Kyoto.
178527. In the Genko War, he joined the army of bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and after the fall of Kamakura bakufu, afraid of being charged for this crime, he helped Fujisawa MADENOKOJI, who was exiled to Hitachi Province in the order of the bakufu, to go to the capital and served for the Emperor Godaigo.
178528. In the Genna and Kanei eras (1615 - 1644), the shuinsen that inherited features of wasen in addition to those of the junks and galleons, which had been used for sailing over oceans, became used mostly for shuinsen-using trade.
178529. In the Genpei War in the Jisho era, he was attacked by TAIRA no Kiyomori who considered that the Ishikawa-Genji could be a threat since they were powerful Minamoto clan who had continued since Hachimantaro Yoshiie, and the clan's base Kawachi Province was near to the capital.
178530. In the Genpei War, he made himself a distinguished warrior by his repeated outstanding war service and for this reason he was appointed to the position of Shinano no kami (Governor of Shinano Province), which was the same position as his father.
178531. In the Genpei War, the clan lost many members because it was smashed by the attack of MINAMOTO no Suesada, who belonged to the Taira family despite assuming the name of the same Minamoto clan.
178532. In the Genroku Ako Incident on January 30, 1703 (December 14, 1702 in old lunar calender), Yazaemon watched out at the front gate as a member of the gate squad.
178533. In the Genroku era (1688 ? 1704) the economy of Kamigata developed remarkably.
178534. In the Genroku era (the latter half of 17th century), Tojuro SAKATA I (shodai) completed performances of wagoto in cooperation with Monzaemon CHIKAMATSU.
178535. In the Genroku era, 'chazukeya' shops started their business of serving chazuke, which was loved by common people as a fast food.
178536. In the Genroku era, Yuzen-zome (fabrics dyed by a method invented by Yuzen MIYAZAKI) became very popular and it was said that there was no place like Kamigata to see luxury clothes.
178537. In the Genroku era, Yuzensai, who was then a painter of brilliant and colorful Kacho-ga and portraits, hit on while studying dyestuff the idea of hand-written dyeing that employs the technique of painting and completed the original model of Yuzen-zome (one of the dyeing process).
178538. In the Genroku era, a merchant in Edo (Tokyo), Jinbe TSUZURAYA, made and sold unified size baskets (about 87 x 53 x 45cm) as bridal furniture and they became popular products for the common people.
178539. In the Genroku era, after Kengyo YATSUHASHI and Kengyo KITAJIMA, sokyoku was reformed and organized by Kengyo IKUTA in Kyoto.
178540. In the Genroku era, the Edo bakufu conducted the project to determine and restore the place of Emperor's mausoleums along with the research of mausoleums.
178541. In the Gion Festival, Yamahoko Junko (procession of Gion Festival Floats) goes along this street north from Shijo-dori Street to Oike-dori Street.
178542. In the Gion Matsuri Festival, a variety of folk entertainments are also performed.
178543. In the Gishiwajinden, her name was written as '壹與' but it was written as '臺與' in "Book of the Liang Dynasty" and in "History of Northern Dynasties," both of which were issued in later days.
178544. In the Goei-do Hall there is a color painting of Amida Jodo, the pure land of Amida, on silk, known as the Chiko Mandala.
178545. In the Gogyo (Five Movements) principle, Joy is represented as a tree, Anger as Gold, Sadness as Water, Pleasure as Fire, and Hate as Soil.
178546. In the Golden Hall of Chuson-ji Temple, each of six statues of Jizo Bosatsu are placed on the three Buddhist altars in which the bodies of FUJIWARA no Kiyohira, FUJIWARA no Motohira and FUJIWARA no Hidehira are placed, and the figures of each statue are nearly identical to one another.
178547. In the Great Hanshin-Awaji Earthquake that occurred on January 17, 1995, elevated bridges of the Sanyo Shinkansen line in the earthquake-stricken areas were damaged, with some portions of them falling down, stopping operation between Shin-Osaka Station and Himeji Station for over 80 days.
178548. In the Great Kanto Earthquake, he lost his home and he stayed in the house of his disciple Roppuku NUKADA, later moving to Azabu and then to Hyakunin-cho in the following year.
178549. In the Gregorian calendar, a new year had already started.
178550. In the Hakodate government (the short-lived Republic of Ezo), he belonged to rikugunbugyonami (military police) headed by Toshizo HIJIKATA and served as a pageboy to the President Takeaki ENOMOTO.
178551. In the Hakone area, Tadayoshi's army was losing ground to Yoshisada's army.
178552. In the Hamasaka - Tottori section, local trains using JR (West) diesel car Series Kiha 121 are in service.
178553. In the Han Dynasty, the position of shogun was temporary and given to officials on an ad hoc basis.
178554. In the Hanazono village, there were four Oaza: Hanazono, Utano, Taniguchi and Omuro.
178555. In the Hang period, many Jifu novelist like him appeared.
178556. In the Hang period, the term 'Bunjin' had the same meaning.
178557. In the Hanseong (present-day Seoul), the capital of Yi Dynasty Korea, there was also a facility named 'Dongpyoung-gwan,' or commonly called wakan, that was used to entertain Japanese Daimyo and merchants asking for commercial intercourse.
178558. In the Harunotsuji Ruins in Iki City, a combination of the oldest mirror, sword and jewel were excavated.
178559. In the Hashihime-jinja Shrine in Uji City, Seoritsu-hime is syncretized with (regarded as the same as) Hashi-hime (the protective deity of the bridge).
178560. In the Heian Period it held the real power of Kasuga-sha Shrine, owned most of the private estates throughout Yamato Province, and became the virtual kokushu (head of provincial governors).
178561. In the Heian Period some schools of Kyujutsu were founded and each school had their own technique, lesson style, and mannerisms.
178562. In the Heian Period, corruption by priests led to a crisis within the Shingon sect and emergency measures to rebuild the sect were taken by Kakuban, who was a high priest of Koyasan Kongobu-ji Temple.
178563. In the Heian Period, mikoshi was made for various shrines including Hiyoshi-taisha Shrine in the Omi area, Gion-sha Shrine (present-day Yasaka-jinja Shrine), Imamiya-jinja Shrine (Kyoto City) and Kitano-tenmangu Shrine in Kyoto Prefecture and Osaka-tenmagu Shrine in Osaka Prefecture.
178564. In the Heian Period, people began to create their own personal mokuroku.
178565. In the Heian Period, the kuge used to participate in an archery game called yokyu.
178566. In the Heian Period, there were groups of entertainers called Kugutsushi (puppeteers), who are considered to be the one of the origins of sarugaku and who wandered from place to place, gaining money by performing in cities though some groups later came under 'the patronage' of temples and shrines.
178567. In the Heian Period, this ancient tomb seems to have been believed to be the mound of Daruma zenji, the associate of Prince Shotoku.
178568. In the Heian and Kamakura periods, no hanka-shiyui image would be seen, but standing or seated images were produced.
178569. In the Heian court, painting over a face with white makeup powder became a popular makeup technique so that the face could attract attention even in a dim room.
178570. In the Heian period
178571. In the Heian period 'kaizoku (pirates)' that looted kanmotsu (tribute goods paid as taxes or tithes) transported on the water appeared in history.
178572. In the Heian period and afterward, shakyo started to be practiced out of religious beliefs to fulfill personal prayers, not to spread Buddhism.
178573. In the Heian period and later, eggs were offered to deities and Buddha, and it was believed that one who ate an egg would be punished.
178574. In the Heian period or before it, miki no tsukasa or sake no tsukasa (written either 造酒司 or 造酒寮) (either indicating the office in charge of the imperial use of sake, sweet sake, or vinegar etc.) was placed in the Imperial Court, saka-dono (literally, a sake hall) was placed in shrines, and for private purposes, people manufactured sake by themselves.
178575. In the Heian period they appeared in various waka (Japanese poems) and narratives, which implies that they were good friends of people.
178576. In the Heian period when the continent culture was temporarily blocked, a Japanese-style costume of the Heian period developed.
178577. In the Heian period's former half, Priest Kukai and Saicho went to Tang-dynasty China one after another, and they brought back Esoteric Buddhism into Japan.
178578. In the Heian period, 'Kogarasu' adopted 'Kissaki moroha-zukuri (double edged tip style)' to be suitable also to 'stab,' but later, Tachi and Uchigatana didn't adopt Kissaki moroha-zukuri and had a curve to be suitable to 'cut' by wristing.
178579. In the Heian period, 'Shingon-in' (mantra hall), a branch temple of the Shingon sect was placed in Todai-ji Temple which is today regarded as Sohonzan (the head temple of a Buddhist sect) of the Kegon sect.
178580. In the Heian period, 839, he was given the Shoichii Daijo Daijin because he was the maternal grandfather of Emperor Ninmyo.
178581. In the Heian period, FUJIWARA no Michinaga visited this temple.
178582. In the Heian period, Gorinto pagodas (gravestones composed of five pieces piled up one upon another) were built, and in the Kamakura period the construction of Hokyoin-to pagoda, board monuments and Komainu (a pair of carved stone guardian dogs) appeared.
178583. In the Heian period, HATA no Kimi no Muronari (秦公室成) was appointed to the Zoshi-chojo (the officer in charge of paper making) of the Zushoryo in 811, taking over the position of HATA no Be no Otsutari (秦部乙足).
178584. In the Heian period, Kinpusen-ji Temple, for which En no Gyoja (A semi-legendary holy man noted for his practice of mountain asceticism during the second half of the seventh century) is deemed as the founder, was established and Mt. Yoshino became the place for Shugendo (Japanese mountain asceticism-shamanism incorporating Shinto and Buddhist concepts).
178585. In the Heian period, Kuya (903 - 972) visited the temple and it is said that Kanezane KUJO (1149 - 1207) lived out a secluded retirement there.
178586. In the Heian period, Moushitusgi referred to a person who was in charge of reporting information to the Emperor and Daijo Tenno (the retired Emperor).
178587. In the Heian period, Nuidonoryo absorbed Okurasho Nuibe no tsukasa, which was based on the Okurasho Ritsuryo system, in 808 and began the production of clothes.
178588. In the Heian period, Nyokan were allocated in Mizushidokoro other than Kokyu.
178589. In the Heian period, Otsu became a port to handle people and products heading for Togoku (eastern Japan) and Hokkoku (northern Japan) from Heian-kyo.
178590. In the Heian period, Rakuchu was under the control of the Kyoshiki (Capital Bureau) and kebiishi (a police and judicial chief), but Hendo (Rakugai) was considered to be under the control of the kokufu (provincial office) of Yamashiro Province.
178591. In the Heian period, Shinden-zukuri style was established for nobles' residences.
178592. In the Heian period, Shurei had their duties absorbed by Geki and lost its roles.
178593. In the Heian period, a branch family Masago shoji also prospered and was called 'choja (millionaire) of Masago'.
178594. In the Heian period, a double sliding lattice door became widely used.
178595. In the Heian period, a person other than Tsunemoto also appears in historical sources.
178596. In the Heian period, accession to the throne and enthronement started to be held as separate ceremonies.
178597. In the Heian period, akari shoji came to be discriminated from fusuma and was specifically called shoji.
178598. In the Heian period, an additional two facilities were built to the east and west of Heian-kyo, and they later became annexes of Seyaku-in Temple which had been built by Empress Komyo, and was under its control.
178599. In the Heian period, as many other temples in the Omi Province, Hyakusai-ji Temple also fell within Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei and became a temple of the Tendai sect.
178600. In the Heian period, court nobles f'unerals were greatly influenced by Buddhism as they were held at Buddhist temples, priests chanted Buddhist invocations, and stupas were set up at the sides of gravestones.
178601. In the Heian period, female traveling merchants called 'Katsurame' peddled in Rakuchu (central Kyoto).
178602. In the Heian period, gifts started to be wrapped by a sheet of paper when they were presented, and various techniques to fold a sheet of paper were developed, such as Gomashio-zutsumi for Sekihan (Tinted rice with reddish color of azuki beans), Ko-zutsumi, Kane-zutsumi, Ogi-zutsumi, etc.
178603. In the Heian period, hiragana (the Japanese cursive syllabary) and katakana (syllable based writing system of the Japanese language) were made on the basis of Manyo-gana.
178604. In the Heian period, it seems that they put on mo first and then slipped on karaginu.
178605. In the Heian period, it was called 'Hiratsutsumi' (a wrapping cloth)'平裹'/'Hiratsutsumi' (a wrapping cloth)'平包' and pictures of the common people carrying wrapped clothes on their head were drawn (The character'裹' is different from '裏'(Ura)).
178606. In the Heian period, it was not only the mean to avoid imprisonment, but in more cases copper was demanded.
178607. In the Heian period, many of the Tachibana clan members used the name of TACHIBANA no Ason.
178608. In the Heian period, men wore katabira for soaking up sweat; in the Muromachi period and the Edo period, men and women wore katabira in the shape of kosode (kimono with narrow sleeves).
178609. In the Heian period, nihon shishu was treasured by court nobles and millionaires as a luxury item or as a costume for gagaku (ancient Japanese court dance and music), in the Azuchi-Momoyama period, it was used as costumes for Noh performers, and in the Edo period, it gained popularity among the merchant class.
178610. In the Heian period, on Lunar New Year's Day (15th of New Year), there was a ceremony to tell bad or good luck of the year in Seiryoden (a building for ceremonies) in the East Garden of the Imperial Court.
178611. In the Heian period, on the outskirts of Tomo were built Seikan-ji Temple by Saicho (founder of the Tendai sect of Buddhism in Japan) and Io-ji Temple by Kukai (founder of the Shingon sect of Buddhism in Japan), serving as the hubs of the both Tendai and Shingon teachings, respectively, to be spread over the southern Bingo Province.
178612. In the Heian period, shooting arrows on horseback was the main battle style of mounted warriors; after the Jisho-Juei Civil War, a new battle style appeared, in which a mounted warrior crushed into the enemy together with his horse, wrestled the enemy on horseback, killed the enemy by thowing him off from the horse.
178613. In the Heian period, some Togashi were particularly called the Eight Kinds of Togashi such as in the "Wamyo Ruijusho" (dictionary of Japanese names).
178614. In the Heian period, such a custom spread among nobles and court nobles, and notes were exchanged with those living too far away to visit, instead of nenshi mawari.
178615. In the Heian period, sumo was already an important ceremony of the Imperial Court.
178616. In the Heian period, sun was occasionally written as 'su.'
178617. In the Heian period, technical officers of shodaibu (aristocracy lower than kugyo) and samurai rank engaged master-subordinate relationships with upper nobles, such as sekkan-ke (the families that produced regents), by devoting myobu (identification), etc.
178618. In the Heian period, the 'Naniwa-zu no poem' was considered as the epitome of 'a poem which everyone knows.'
178619. In the Heian period, the Cloistered Emperor Shirakawa also mentioned 'the dices on the board Sugoroku' as one of the three subjects beyond his control.
178620. In the Heian period, the Imperial Court revised the system for governing local areas.
178621. In the Heian period, the Jogakuso was applied to various "kanji" (state-sponsored temples), such as To-ji Temple, which was ordered to have 50 jogakuso in 823.
178622. In the Heian period, the Nehan-e held at Yamashina-dera Temple was particularly known.
178623. In the Heian period, the Shinto priesthood, who adopted Inyo (also referred as Onmyo) gogyo shiso (Yin-Yang Wu-Zing Idea) of Taoism and obtained the idea of Onmyodo (way of Yin and Yang; occult divination system based on the Taoist theory of five elements) and the position of Onmyoji (Master of Ying yang), controlled the administration with a strong power as a bureaucrat.
178624. In the Heian period, the Sugawara clan who succeeded to the position of Monjo-hakase (professor at the Daigaku-ryo) for many generations established the Monjoin as the Jikiso (it is also said to have been an expanded old one).
178625. In the Heian period, the chieftains of the Imperial family, the O clan, as well of the Minamoto, Fujiwara and Tachibana clans, were authorized to recommend grant of noble ranks to members of their claims in the uji no shaku ceremony.
178626. In the Heian period, the clan changed their family name to the Tachibana clan.
178627. In the Heian period, the confection graced tables at simplified 'New Year Feast' (lit. 'teeth hardening ritual') functions marking the new year.
178628. In the Heian period, the cooking level advanced with the influence of China.
178629. In the Heian period, the emperor's orders and intents put into document form under the name of Gekikyoku which was originally in charge of examination of Shochoku, also came to be called Senji.
178630. In the Heian period, the festival was held mainly in the Burakuin hall and then in the Shishin-den Hall (hall for state ceremonies).
178631. In the Heian period, the first reference to bugyo appeared in a document referring to a provisional position to carry out public events and court functions.
178632. In the Heian period, the kirikane technique was introduced for giving the stateliness to Buddhist paintings.
178633. In the Heian period, the nobility had a ceremony called 'kiku no kisewata' (chrysanthemum covers) on the Chrysanthemum Festival day, in which people rubbed their bodies with chrysanthemums covered by cotton and wished their health.
178634. In the Heian period, the system changed from "one county one kiln" to "one country one kiln" in western Japan where Sueki production was active, which led decrease in production areas.
178635. In the Heian period, the temple became a branch temple of the nearby Jingo-ji Temple and became known as Jingo-ji Jumujinin Temple.
178636. In the Heian period, the temple came under the influence of Enryaku-ji Temple on Mt. Hiei like many other temples in Omi Province and was developed as a temple of the Tendai sect.
178637. In the Heian period, the temple developed along with the prosperity of the Fujiwara clan, as is shown in such episodes as the ascetic stay of FUJIWARA no Takamitsu at the temple after he had entered into priesthood and the temple's invitation to a holy priest Zoga shonin.
178638. In the Heian period, the virtuous Buddhist priest Kuya began nenbutsu-odori (a dance with an invocation to the Buddha).
178639. In the Heian period, there were villages named Hatsukashi in the Provinces of Yamashiro and Settsu, but it is not clear whether HATSUKASHIBE no Shiki was born in either of these or not.
178640. In the Heian period, this area acted as the manor of Sekkan-ke (Regent family), and in the latter half of the Heian period, most areas in Amada-gori were used as manor.
178641. In the Heian period, this river was used for supplying water to nobles' gardens as well as for carrying cargoes.
178642. In the Heian period, uchiki were worn so that the edges showed between each layer (a style known as omeri) but from the Meiji period, another cloth called a nakabe was inserted between the inner and outer layers, to make it appear as if the uchiki are worn in layers.
178643. In the Heian period, until TAIRA no Kiyomori became the first samurai to become kugyo, the highest rank for both Seiwa-Genji (Minamoto clan) and Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan) was Shoshii.
178644. In the Heian period, when Kokin Wakashu was assembled, the term "waka" referred to tanka poems and choka was on the decline.
178645. In the Heian period, when the nation governed based on the principles of the ritsuryo legal code started to fall apart, legal systems based on tokyo-ken such as soniryo became unsubstantial and Jiin-ho grounded in chikyo-ken became the mainstream.
178646. In the Heian period, when the regency government was at its peak of prosperity, the protection of the Imperial Family grew weaker.
178647. In the Heian period, white clothing used by people in the Imperial court as part of layered clothing, including silk costumes worn by emperors at the time of Shinto rituals, was generally called 'Shiro Shozoku.'
178648. In the Heian period, with the worsening financial situations of the imperial court, part of shinzei was sent to the capital to finance horoku (salary) and expenses of Jingikan (officer of the institution for dedicating to religious ceremony).
178649. In the Heian period, zobutsusho of the Nara period was closed.
178650. In the Heiji War in 1159, her stepson TAIRA no Kiyomori, who had survived the difficult political fight, gained a victory, and as a result, other military aristocracies such as MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo were ejected.
178651. In the Heiji War of 1159, he also fought under Yoshitomo, following Akugenta (by-name) MINAMOTO no Yoshihira, Yoshitomo's eldest son; however, the Yoshitomo's side was defeated, and he fled to Oshu, asking Hidehira, his aunt's husband, for help.
178652. In the Heiji War, MINAMOTO no Yorimasa of Settsu-Genji acted independently from MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo and fought against Yoshihira, a son of Yoshitomo and as a result, contributed the victory of Heike
178653. In the Heiji War, Yoritaka's father, MINAMOTO no Yoshitaka, lost his life in order to save Yoshitomo at Ryugegoe.
178654. In the Heisei era, he was praised for making a great pair with Jakuemon NAKAMURA IV, and left behind a masterpiece such as 'Ninin Wankyu' (Love Story of Wankyu and Matsuyama).
178655. In the Heisei period, more and more sake breweries have adopted what you call 'Declaration for junmaishu,' following these sake breweries.
178656. In the Heisei period, the number of Tenshu constructions with by concrete and so on has decreased, and along with the Agency for Cultural Affairs, which has made its policy for restoration stricter, the number of more accurate restorations with wood, such as Kakegawa-jo Castle and Ozu-jo Castle, has increased.
178657. In the Heki school groups, some groups perform both Busha and Dosha, while other groups did not dare to perform Dosha because of the emphases of Busha.
178658. In the Heretical Incident (it refers to an incident where Zenran caused confusion among followers by spreading false teachings of Shinran) caused by Zenran, Shinran's son, Shoshin was known for his devotion to solution of the problem.
178659. In the Hida region of Gifu Prefecture, white kushi-dango is coated with non-sweetened soy-sauce and broied as a finish.
178660. In the Hidetsugu Incident of 1595, he was implicated and punished, deprived of his fief because he fathered a daughter of Gon no suke NAMAZUE, his vassal, Hidetsugu's concubine on the advice of a vassal who had served Hidetsugu as kinju (attendant).
178661. In the Higashiyama Ward towns having names with numbers from 1 to 22--1 chome, Honmachi to 22 chome Honmachi--are arranged on both sides of the Fushimi-kaido Road starting from Gojo to the south.
178662. In the Higo Hosokawa family, there were the Nagaoka-naizen family and the Nagaoka-Gyobu family as senior vassals of the lord family, and the branch clan of Shinden (Takase) and the branch clan of Uto as branch domains.
178663. In the Hinagu and Kumagawaguchi areas
178664. In the Hinduism, Buddhism and Esoteric Buddhism, 'lotus' itself has a special meaning, and it's highly valued along with the lotus flower and lotus seed.
178665. In the Hino-shi ryu (the Hino clan lineage) of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, the family lineage showed Sukenaga HINO - Kanemitsu - Yorisuke (Kadenokoji), and in the Hino Karasuma-ryu, the record showed Mitsuhiro KARASUMA - Suketada (KADENOKOJI).
178666. In the Hogen Disturbance, he followed Tameyoshi's lead and joined the battle taking the side of the Retired Emperor Sutoku and FUJIWARA no Yorinaga.
178667. In the Hogen Rebellion, in 1156, while his father Tameyoshi, his brothers Yorikata and MINAMOTO no Tametomo were allied with the Emperor Sutoku, Yoshitomo allied with the Emperor Goshirakawa with TAIRA no Kiyomori, and won the war.
178668. In the Hogen War in 1156, Shigesada together with his older brother, Shigenari, joined the side of the Emperor Goshirakawa and they won.
178669. In the Hogen War in which Cloistered Emperor Sutoku fought with Emperor Goshirakawa, Hideyoshi fought under MINAMOTO no Yoshitomo on the Emperor's side, and won the battle.
178670. In the Hogen War occurred immediately after that, he joined the war with Yoshitomo on the Emperor Goshirakawa side and were responsible for defending the northernmost inner palace, bringing 100 horsemen with him after TAIRA no Kiyomori with 300 horsemen and Yoshitomo with 200 horsemen.
178671. In the Hogen War of 1156, the Atsuta-Daiguji family, and the family home of Yura gozen, sent troops to Yoshitomo and helped him, according to 'Hogen Monogatari' (The Tale of the Hogen War).
178672. In the Hogen War which occurred in 1156, he joined the side of the Retired Emperor Sutoku and Yorinaga.
178673. In the Hogen War, after Yoshikuni's death, Tsunekuni acted with Masakiyo KAMATA as a close associate of Yoshitomo (according to "the Tale of Hogen").
178674. In the Hojo-ki (a record of the Hojo family), Ujimasa is referred to that 'the fourth family head, Ujimasa, is such a fool that he was deceived by Norihide MATSUDA, a roshin (main retainer) and disturbed the affairs of the state, but due to the virtue of his father, Ujiyasu, he was spared his life.'
178675. In the Hojoki, it is written that 42,300 people died in Kyoto City, and that the city was filled with corpses.
178676. In the Hoken system operated under Chinese dynasties, a monarchy nominally authorizes the nobility to rule the domain.
178677. In the Hokkaido Shinkansen line, whose construction work started in 2005, the section including the Seikan tunnel is to be shared with cargo trains on the existing regular railway line.
178678. In the Hokkaido and Tohoku regions, soy-sauce is used in accordance with the food culture of the Kanto region.
178679. In the Hokke and Nichiren sects, the style of Sanposon (三宝尊) (Ittoryozon, 一塔両尊) is often adopted.
178680. In the Hokke-kyo Sutra Chapter 16, The Life Span of the Tathagata, Shakyamuni Buddha was described as having an infinite life span, who should be recognized as Honbutsu according to the creed of Hokke-kyo.
178681. In the Hokkeshu sect, it is said that 'Teian confused his opponent with his dirty tricks.'
178682. In the Hokuetsu War, Nagaoka Castle and Niigata Port, used as a supply base for weapons by the alliance, became the main battlefield.
178683. In the Hokuriku region, Tokikane NAGOSHI, a member of the Hojo clan, raised an army in response to Tokiyuki.
178684. In the Hokuriku region, a Gotoku with a large ring on it is called Kanawa, and is used for a large metal pan which is too big for placement of the Jizaikagi to be hung up.
178685. In the Hokuriku region, the term fundoshi means gills of crab (inedible), which are removed first after opening a shell of crab to be boiled.
178686. In the Hokuriku region, various types of tororo konbu made from different species of kelp and also made by different processing methods are available.
178687. In the Honbo Denpoin Temple of Senso-ji Temple located in Asakusa, Taito Ward, there is Hokanzuka which was built in 1963.
178688. In the Hongan-ji School and Otani School of the Jodo Shinshu, the word particularly refers to the hand-over of the position of the chief of the school to a descendant of Shinran.
178689. In the Honno-ji Incident on July 1 of the same year, Masashige fought following Nobutada ODA in Nijo-jo Castle and was killed in the battle.
178690. In the Honnoji Incident (the raid on the Honno-ji Temple in which Nobunaga ODA was killed) in 1582, he was attacked by the troops of Mitsuhide AKECHI together with Nobutada and, although he defended, was killed in the battle.
178691. In the Honnoji Incident of 1582, in which Mitsuhide attacked Nobunaga ODA, Mitsuharu spearheaded the attack on Honno-ji Temple in Kyoto.
178692. In the Honnoji Incident of 1582, the head of the Oda family, Nobunaga ODA was killed by his samurai general Mitsuhide AKECHI in Kyoto.
178693. In the Honnoji Incident that occurred in 1582, he sided with Mitsuhide AKECHI with the aim of regaining former territory and occupied Nagahide NIWA's Sawayama-jo Castle.
178694. In the Honnoji Incident, Nobutada had a chance to escape from Kyoto, although Nobunaga didn't (the escape of Nagamasu ODA and Geni MAEDA tells us that Mitsuhide hadn't completely sealed off Kyoto).
178695. In the Horinouchi (inside the moat) where the land on both sides is flat, there was a meeting terrace and samurai houses to the north where Ote-mon Gate (main gate) was, and to the south, Kura (storehouses), Umaya (horse stables), Takabeya (falcon house), and a garden.
178696. In the Hosono village there is no Oaza.
178697. In the House of Peers, Sukenori SOGA (the president of Nippon Railway) and Mitsugi SENGOKU (the president of Kyushu Railway) opposed to the bill.
178698. In the Hozaijima Area
178699. In the Huabei Plain of China, the occurrence frequency had continued decreasing until 1990s, but has increased entering the 21st century.
178700. In the ICOCA area, even when you're using the stored fare (SF) of another IC card, the ICOCA Transfer Service to another means of transport is available, although Mobile Suica is excluded from the service.
178701. In the IOUs of the Tsukigase region created during the Kyowa, Bunka and Bunsei eras (1801-1830) plum-tree fields frequently appear on a pawn lists, indicating that plum trees were planted on entire crop fields as well.
178702. In the Ichinari, Iwakawa, and Sueyoshi areas
178703. In the Ietsuna's era, the structure of the bakufu was further improved.
178704. In the Ikaruga area, where World Heritage Horyu-ji Temple is located, in addition to Hoki-ji, there are many other old temples that have connection with Prince Shotoku, such as Horin-ji Temple (Ikaruga Town), Chugu-ji Temple, and others.
178705. In the Ikedaya Incident in 1864, he belonged to Hijikata's squad and received 15 ryo (currency unit) as a reward for his achievement on that night.
178706. In the Ikedaya Incident in 1864, he was attacked by Shinsengumi during the meeting with other fellow members including Toshimaro YOSHIDA, but escaped from the scuffle to the Choshu hantei, and then went to inform the people in the Choshu Domain of this sad news as a witness.
178707. In the Ikedaya Incident of June 5, 1864, they prevented a planned uprising by the Sonno-joi Party, and also fought in the Forbidden Gates Incident.
178708. In the Ikedaya Incident on June 5th of the same year, Takeda and others captured Shuntaro FURUTAKA, who was accommodating Roshi (masterless samurais) in hiding, including those from the Choshu Domain.
178709. In the Ikedaya Incident taking place in July 8, 1864, Ryozo was a troop of Toshizo HIJIKATA's unit, taking charge of defense outside of the Ikedaya.
178710. In the Ikedaya Incident that broke out on July 8, 1864, he belonged to the Rokubangumi-tai (sixth platoon) lead by Genzaburo INOUE, and received a financial incentive of 17-ryo (old currency unit) for his service.
178711. In the Ikedaya Incident, as he performed bravely, he was given a financial incentive of 17-ryo (old currency unit) by the Edo bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) (Kyoto shugo [military governor of Kyoto] Katamori MATSUDAIRA).
178712. In the Ikedaya Incident, he belonged to Hijikata-tai (the squad lead by Toshizo HIJIKATA) and received a financial incentive of 20-ryo (old currency unit).
178713. In the Ikedaya Incident, he belonged to the squad lead by Isami KONDO, and received an incentive of 20-ryo (old currency unit).
178714. In the Ikedaya Incident, he joined Toshizo HIJIKATA's squad and won a reward of 17 ryos.
178715. In the Ikedaya Incident, which took place on July 8, 1864, he joined Toshizo HIJIKATA's squad and won a reward of 15 ryos for his achievement.
178716. In the Ikoma tunnel between Shinishikiri Station and Ikoma station (4,737 m), a portion of the former Ikoma tunnel constructed during the era of the Osaka Electric Tramway was reused.
178717. In the Imadegawa Campus, five buildings such as Doshisha Chapel, Clarke Memorial Hall, and so on have been designated as Important Cultural Properties.
178718. In the Imperial Abdication Edict, the Empress referred to the new emperor as 'my son' to proclaim guardianship, thereafter supporting Emperor Shomu after abdication.
178719. In the Imperial Court, Emperor Tenmu (at the latter part of the 7th century) held Taisha (Jarai) as an annual event, and various 'ceremonial shooting exhibitions (Reisha)' were performed.
178720. In the Imperial Court, a celebration, banquet, tea party and general congratulatory palace visit are held.
178721. In the Imperial Court, after the death of Nariakira SHIMAZU, his younger brother Hisamitsu SHIMAZU went up to Kyoto with his solders and was actively involved in politics.
178722. In the Imperial Court, dai-keicho (the grand yearly tax registers), shozeicho (balance sheets of tax rice), chocho (list of choyo [tribute and labor]) and choshucho (report of affairs of state) submitted by Kokushi (provincial governors) in various places at fixed times of the year were particularly called shidonokumon.
178723. In the Imperial Court, he was seated in a place ranked higher than FUJIWARA no Tsunemune, who had been awarded Juichii (Junior First Rank) and appointed as Sadaijin (minister of the left).
178724. In the Imperial Court, he was seated in the second place, following FUJIWARA no Koremichi, who had been ranked Shonii and appointed as Dajodaijin.
178725. In the Imperial Court, he was seated in the third place, following FUJIWARA no Munesuke, who had been ranked Juichii (Junior First Rank) and appointed as Dajodaijin, and FUJIWARA no Koremichi, who had been ranked Shonii and designated as Sadaijin (minister of the left).
178726. In the Imperial Court, sakubei was made in the Naizenshi (Imperial Table Office) and served to the Emperor, and was also served to retainers during sumai no sechie (ritual performances of sumo at the Imperial Court) and the Tanabata festival to ward off evil.
178727. In the Imperial Court, the Gosekke (the five regent families) including the Nijo family had control over other Kugeshu.
178728. In the Imperial Court, the crown prince who succeeds the throne or who is entitled to succeed it is called 'Oenomiko'.
178729. In the Imperial Court, under the background of the uprising anti-Fujiwara power, he was relegated in the same year to Dazai no shoni (Junior Assistant Govenor-General of Dazai-fu offices) because of the slander against his relatives.
178730. In the Imperial Families of the recent period, the biological child of seishitsu (legal wife) became the heir in the first time ever in the generations of Empress Teimei and Empress Kojun.)
178731. In the Imperial Household, there was a concern for forty one years that the imperial line would die out; from when Akishinonomiya Imperial Prince Fumihito was born in 1965 to when Imperial Prince Hisahito was born in 2006.
178732. In the Imperial Palace, it is called fushimizu (gallnut water).
178733. In the Imperial Palace, people wearing a Japanese iris in their hair got together at the Butokuden (a palace building) and were granted a Kusudama (literally, ball of medicine made of conglobed herbs and a decoration was added) by the emperor.
178734. In the Imperial court, the execution of Shinryo-kogyo (performances of shinto rituals) and the establishment of a litigation system were realized under the Retired Emperor Kameyama.
178735. In the Imperial family, various books and so on had been inherited from ancient times, but through the economic decline in the Onin War or the Sengoku Period (Period of Warring States) (Japan), many of them were lost.
178736. In the Inaba region, the decision as to who inherits the statue of the founder is left the school's membership council.
178737. In the Inabashi his name is written with a different character for "naga", though the pronunciation is the same.
178738. In the Inba Prefecture, he took policies such as the increase of tea production and the invitation of Horace CAPRON in order to found a ranch and was taught by him.
178739. In the Inba Prefecture, similarly, Yawara SHIBAHARA, the vice-governor of the Kisarazu Prefecture which was the neighboring prefecture of the Inba Prefecture, was assigned to be the vice-governor of Inba Prefecture, premised on the foundation of Chiba Prefecture.
178740. In the Incident at Honnoji, he was the first to enter Kyoto and attacked Nobunaga ODA with his spear.
178741. In the Insei period, "Toshiyori Zuino" (Toshiyori's Poetic Essentials) was written by MINAMOTO no Toshiyori in 1115, and "Fukuro zoshi" (Book of Folded Pages) was written by FUJIWARA no Kiyosuke in 1158.
178742. In the Insei period, Nageire-do Hall of the Sanbutsu-ji Temple is particularly famous.
178743. In the Insei period, people became more aware of reality rather than the fictional world.
178744. In the Insei period, rules of kundoku regarding for Wo, Ko, To, dot, were defined according to groups.
178745. In the Intoku Taiheiki, it is written that when Yoshitane fled as a result of his conflict with Takakuni HOSOKAWA, a satirical poem (known as a "kyoka") posted on the ship that carried him read: 'Oh poor, miserable wandering Kubo on a wandering boat off the shore of Naruto as if it were his own palace!'
178746. In the Inuoimono, an archer shoots arrows that have a large kabura (round head on an arrow) called 'hikime' to protect the dogs from injury.
178747. In the Ise Monogatari (Tales of Ise), a bird called "miyako-dori" (black-headed gulls) is described as 'a bird unseen in Kyoto.'
178748. In the Ise Shinto, or a school of Shinto thought established by Watarai clan who were the Shinto priests for the Outer Shrine and were prosperous during the Kamakura period, it became clear that Seoritsu-hime was the god of the Aramatsuri-no-miya Shrine of the Inner Shrine.
178749. In the Ise region, Uiro with black sugar was traditionally eaten.
178750. In the Ishiyama Hongan-ji War and the Attack on the Saika-shu Group of Kii Province, among other campaigns, he did exemplary service as an aide to Mitsuhide AKECHI, the commander-in-chief of the army responsible for the Sanin Area.
178751. In the Ishiyama War he cooperated with Kennyo HONGANJI with his father and younger brothers to fight against Nobunaga ODA.
178752. In the Ishiyama War he gained fame on the battlefield against Akimoto HOSOKAWA, who was on Nobunaga ODA's side.
178753. In the Ishiyama War which began in 1570, the Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple held onto the advantage and Nobunaga ODA had a tough time against it.
178754. In the Ishiyama War, his father Kennyo made peace with Nobunaga ODA and departed from Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple to Saginomori of Kii Province in 1580.
178755. In the Ishiyama war, he managed to ferry supplies from outside into the besieged Ishiyama Hongan-ji Temple to support his father who was holding the temple, in conspiracy with Terumoto MORI of Aki Province.
178756. In the Islamic calendar, the new year is the 1st of the month of Muharam (January of the Islamic calendar) and, because the Islamic calendar includes 12 lunar months and 354 days, the number of days in the Islamic calendar differs from that in the Gregorian calendar by 11.
178757. In the Isshiki clan, Yoshinao ISSHIKI who had fought on the Western Camp side returned his allegiance to the Eastern Camp and it was decided that Yoshinao would retire and surrender the headship of the family to his heir Yoshiharu.
178758. In the Iwakawa and Sueyoshi areas
178759. In the Iwakawa, Sueyoshi, Osaki and Mobiki areas
178760. In the Iwasakihondo Area
178761. In the Iwatoyama Tumulus (keyhole-shaped mound), regarded as a tomb of Iwai, Tsukushi Province, Yame County, Fukuoka Prefecture, the place called gato where rituals and politics were performed, and the stone figure of a judge called tokibe are located.
178762. In the Iyo Province, reportedly the Kono clan which was shugo, took the Chuyo region (central Iyo) as its base, and the Utsunomiya clan over Ozu and the Saionji clan in the Nanyo region (southern IYO).
178763. In the Izuinatori erea, it was originally just called Tsurushi and did not have any other particular name.
178764. In the Izumi school, succession to Soke by Motoya IZUMI, who is the heir of the 19th Soke Motohide IZUMI, was not accepted, and the Izumi school was consequently forced to withdraw from the Nohgaku Performers' Association.
178765. In the Izumiotsu region, 'kachiai,' in which the danjiri belonging to different groups are smashed into each other, has become quite a sight..
178766. In the Izumo fudoki (topography of Izumo Province), it is written as "阿遅須枳高日子."
178767. In the Izumo region, it is believed that October is the month when gods from all of the country gather in the area, and accordingly, the month is called 'Kamiari zuki,' meaning the month in which gods exist.
178768. In the Izumo-taisha Shrine and Suwa-taisha Shrine, Kunitsukami (gods of the land) believed to have once lived there have been sealed and enshrined.
178769. In the Japan Army before the war, a particular general was called 'Oni shogun' and he was proud of it as a military man; but in fact it was to make fun of his thin appearance, which explains this.
178770. In the Japan Football League days, the club played home games not only in Nishikyogoku but also in Takaragaike Park Ball Game Ground, Kyoto Prefectural Yamashiro Comprehensive Sports Park and Ojiyama Athletic Stadium.
178771. In the Japan National Railways era, the Express 'Yamato' from Tokyo used to pass this station, and the length of the platform, which was designed for 8-car trains, is a reminder of the glory days of the old main line era.
178772. In the Japanese Imperial family, it is the male members who has been given the title of Imperial prince.
178773. In the Japanese Islands, it is also believed that a beverage made of fermented grape juice was produced and provided to drink in the mid Jomon period.
178774. In the Japanese Ritsuryo law system, the Kushiki-ryo law was one of the oldest rules and regulations existed in Japan, as it has been so believed.
178775. In the Japanese TV drama series "Hissatsu", the setting is more sophisticated in that the lead characters are a lady-killer masseur and a police constable who kills people as a side job, and they battle a greater evil for money.
178776. In the Japanese aristocracy society, omandokoro is a title given to a mother based on an emperor's direction when her child was serving as the Sessho (the title of a regent given to who is named to assist an emperor when the emperor is still a child, or before coming of age, or when a female), or the Kanpaku - the title of a regent who assists an adult emperor.
178777. In the Japanese art of fencing, the formal name of this protective gear is called kendo implements.
178778. In the Japanese coast, mozuku grows on the shore reef lit by sunlight in the infralittoral zone during the winter and spring, but in the summer, it dies like other marine algae.
178779. In the Japanese folklore, there is an established theory that Hitotsumono is a yorishiro (a spiritualistic medium), or a relic of a yorishiro while there is a different theory that Hitotsumono originates in furyu (divine dance).
178780. In the Japanese history book "Azuma Kagami" (The Mirror of the East), it was recorded that, on July 27, 1235, some princesses were serving the mourning of TAKE no Gosho.
178781. In the Japanese history of diplomacy, the name Mutsu appeared for the first time when he signed the Japan-Mexico Treaty of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation with Mexico as a minister to the United States of America, in 1891.
178782. In the Japanese history, as a historical term, a local chief class and local power clan until the Kofun period (tumulus period) and the Yamato period were called Gozoku.
178783. In the Japanese mainland, a 'karate' (唐手) club at Keio University (under Master Gichin FUNAKOSHI) used the word 'karate' (空手) for the first time in 1929 based on the philosophy of "ku" (空) (tentative self, ephemeral life) as espoused by Hannya Shingyo (Heart Sutra), and subsequently this usage spread.
178784. In the Japanese martial arts' community, the term 'jujutsu' is sometimes inaccurately used to mean kumi-waza or kumiuchi-waza.
178785. In the Japanese martial arts, families such as the Yagyu Clan have maintained the Iemoto system but, in general, a highly trained student is made a full master and inherits leadership of the ryuha.
178786. In the Japanese medieval society, an offering of sword to Buddha was generally accepted as an expression of belief such that when regent Yasutoki HOJO prohibited the Buddhist monks in the city of Kamakura from wearing swords in the Kamakura period, he declared that he would contribute the confiscated swords to Kotoku-in Temple.
178787. In the Japanese movie "Furin Kazan (movie) (1969)" (originally written by Yasushi INOUE), Yoshiko KUGA starred as Sanjo no kata.
178788. In the Japanese mythology, Amenooshihi no Mikoto only appears in the scene of tensonkorin (the descent to earth of the grandson of the sun goddess) in the "Kojiki" (The Records of Ancient Matters).
178789. In the Japanese myths that deal with the birth of the gods, when Izanagi returned from the underworld of Yomi and underwent misogi (ritual cleansing), the Magatsuhi no kami were produced from the impurity.
178790. In the Japanese name, they were called 'Murasaki no kumo' (meaning 'purple colored cloud') as seen in Yakumo misho (a book on tanka poetics written in Kamakura era) and Goshui wakashu (Later gleanings of Japanese poems).
178791. In the Japanese nation under the ritsuryo codes, all citizens who were registered in the family register were under direct control by the state and were thus hyakusho.
178792. In the Japanese pavilion in the New York World's fair held in New York, the United States, from April 22 prior to the start of operation (1964), a mock-up of the train was exhibited, showing Japan's high technological level.
178793. In the Japanese pharmacopoeia, the ripened pericarp of the elementary and congenic species, from which the seeds are removed as much as possible, is regarded as an herbal medicine called sansho.
178794. In the Japanese raifuku system, Emperor's raifuku was similar to enpuku, and subjects' raifuku was close to chofuku, but both of them were very different from Chinese ones in form and sewing.
178795. In the Ji sect, Kaimyo (posthumous Buddhist name) is called 'Homyo,' and men are given the title including 'Amida Butsu (阿弥陀仏)' and women are given the title including 'Ichi (一)' or 'Butsu (仏).'
178796. In the Ji sect, there is a custom of identifying themselves as Amigo (the pseudonym of Ami), but even if they use Amigo, it is not always true that they are a Buddhist monk of the Ji sect.
178797. In the Jin Dynasty (the Spring and Autumn period), the local area became called Daibu, which was then followed by other districts, leading to the centralized county and prefecture system.
178798. In the Jin and Yuan dynasties, new Dokyo represented by Zenshinkyo (literally, all truth religion) was established in the northern area (Besides, the religious organizations of Shindai-Dokyo [truly great Dokyo] and Taiitsukyo experienced a sudden boom.)
178799. In the Jin period, Minton was abolished and Gunton remained.
178800. In the Jinmu tosei (the Eastern expedition of the Emperor Jinmu) in the "Kojiki" (The Records of Ancient Matters), Nigihayahi no Mikoto appears as a deity enshrined by Nagatsunehiko, who was a powerful local clan in the region of Yamato Province.
178801. In the Jinmyocho (the list of deities) of Engishiki (codes and procedures on national rites and prayers), 13 'za' and 10 'sha' of Taisha (grand shrine) and 142 'za' and 132 'sha' of Shosha (small shrine), namely, 155 'za' and 142 'sha' in total, were recorded.
178802. In the Jinshin War in 672, FUMI no Kusuri was chosen as a messenger to mobilize troops for Otomo no Oji (Prince Otomo, who later became Emperor Kobun), but was caught by the enemy.
178803. In the Jinshin War in 672, KOSOHE was on the side of Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) and defeated in the battle on the beach of Yasugawa River in Omi Province on August 14 and fell into enemy hands.
178804. In the Jinshin War in 672, OSHISAKA no Omaro was chosen as a messenger to mobilize troops for Otomo no Oji (Prince Otomo, who later became Emperor Kobun), but was caught by the enemy.
178805. In the Jinshin War in 672, he left the capital following Takechi no Miko (Prince Takechi) on the side of Oama no Miko (Prince Oama) (Emperor Tenmu).
178806. In the Jinshin War in 672, he received Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) in Ise Province, and later became one of commanders of reinforcements for Yamato Province.
178807. In the Jinshin War in 672, he supported Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu).
178808. In the Jinshin War in 672, he took the side of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu).
178809. In the Jinshin War in 672, he took the side of Prince Oama (who became Emperor Tenmu).
178810. In the Jinshin War in 672, he was on the side of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu), and rode a horse alone to Yamato-no-miyako (the capital), where the enemy troops were gathering, to spread false information among them.
178811. In the Jinshin War in 672, he was the governor of Kibi Province, and was killed by an envoy sent by Prince Otomo (later Emperor Kobun).
178812. In the Jinshin War occurred in 672, his father Hito sided with the Emperor Kobun and was defeated.
178813. In the Jinshin War of 672, INA no Iwasuki was chosen as a messenger to mobilize troops for Otomo no Oji (Prince Otomo, who later became Emperor Kobun) from eastern provinces, but failed to complete the mission because he run away when the enemy blocked his way.
178814. In the Jinshin War of 672, Jokaku supported Oama no Miko (Oshiama no Miko or Prince Oama who became Emperor Tenmu following the victory in the war).
178815. In the Jinshin War of 672, KUSU no Iwate became an envoy responsible for mobilizing troops in the Province of Kibi for Prince Otomo (later Emperor Kobun), and killed the governor of the province, TAIMA no Hiroshima.
178816. In the Jinshin War of 672, he became Suke-no-Ikusanokimi (assistant commander) of the army of Otomo no Miko (Prince Otomo who has been called Emperor Kobun after the Meiji period); he fought at the old road of Yamato and lost.
178817. In the Jinshin War of 672, he became an envoy responsible for mobilizing forces for Prince Otomo (later Emperor Kobun), but he was taken prisoner and switched allegiance to Prince Oama (later Emperor Tenmu).
178818. In the Jinshin War of 672, he became commander of the army of Otomo no Miko (Prince Otomo who has been called Emperor Kobun after the Meiji period), and advanced to Yamato (Yamato Province) from Kochi (Kawachi) Province, however was defeated in the Battle of Ashiike.
178819. In the Jinshin War of 672, he changed sides to support Oama no Miko (Prince Oama, later Emperor Tenmu) and led the troop on a northern route along Lake Biwa to take over the Mionoki Castle.
178820. In the Jinshin War of 672, he fell into a trance and told a message that gods would protect Oama no Miko (Oshiama no Miko or Prince Oama who became Emperor Tenmu following the victory in the war).
178821. In the Jinshin War of 672, he fought supporting Oama no Miko (Oshiama no Miko or Prince Oama who became Emperor Tenmu following the victory in the war).
178822. In the Jinshin War of 672, he joined the army of Oama no Miko (Prince Oama, later became Emperor Tenmu) and distinguished himself in the Battle of Ashiike.
178823. In the Jinshin War of 672, he joined the side of Oama no oji (Prince Oama, later became the Emperor Tenmu) and worked as OTOMO no Fukei's messenger sent to the Prince Oama.
178824. In the Jinshin War of 672, he played an important role supporting Oama no Miko (Oshiama no Miko or Prince Oama, who became Emperor Tenmu following the victory in the war).
178825. In the Jinshin War of 672, he supported Prince Oama (later Emperor Tenmu).
178826. In the Jinshin War of 672, he switched to the side of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu).
178827. In the Jinshin War of 672, he was on the side of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu), and as one of commanders of reinforcements for Yamato region, he led horse soldiers and twice helped his army from the crises.
178828. In the Jinshin War of the year 672, he followed Prince Takechi, who was in support of Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu), and escaped from the capital.
178829. In the Jinshin War of year 672, Fukei raised his army to support Oama no Miko (Oshiama no Miko or Prince Oama who became Emperor Tenmu following the victory in the war); he beat enemy's troops which advanced to Yamato City, and took control of those troops to become a general of Yamato Province.
178830. In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, KURAKAKI fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and participated in a series of wars to defend the enemy from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province), but he was forced to retreat.
178831. In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, NAGAO fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and participated in a series of wars to defend the enemy from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province), but he was forced to retreat.
178832. In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, SAKAMOTO fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) to defend the enemy coming from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province).
178833. In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, TAMI fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and participated in a series of wars to defend the enemy from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province), but he was forced to retreat.
178834. In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, TANI became a commander of the Prince Otomo's army.
178835. In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, TANI fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu) and participated in a series of wars to defend the enemy from Kawachi Province to Yamato (Yamato Province), but he was forced to retreat.
178836. In the Jinshin War which broke out in 672, he fought for Prince Otomo (Emperor Kobun) as a competent commander but was defeated and killed.
178837. In the Jinshin War, he fought on the side of Oama no Miko (Prince Oama, later became Emperor Tenmu).
178838. In the Jinshin War, in 627, TAMI no Ohi was a retainer of Prince Takechi, who took sides with Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu), and he made an escape from the capital.
178839. In the Jinshin War, in 672, he fought for Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu), and defended the road of Osaka against the enemy force which advanced from Kawachi into Yamato.
178840. In the Jinshin war, he was Yu-no-unagashi (manager of Yu [imperial territories]) and sided with Prince Oama (Emperor Tenmu); he guarded Kurafu-no-michi Road, and was attacked by the enemy in the night and ran away.
178841. In the Jisho-Juei War, he mainly provided logistic support.
178842. In the Jisho-Juei War, he was the military commissioner of the army of MINAMOTO no Noriyori and took an expedition through Sanyo-do Road to Kyushu to block the retreat of the Taira family.
178843. In the Jishu sect it is necessary to recite it three times in front of the shelf of gods that enshrines the soul of Kumano Taisha Shrine after worship of the shrine and morning devotions.
178844. In the Jodo Sect, it is believed to be desirable to use formal Nenju.
178845. In the Jodo Shinshu sect, however, kesa means hogu that priests wear, so this is not a correct expression.
178846. In the Jodo Shu sect it is recited at mealtime and so on.
178847. In the Jodo and Tendai sect, Gakkai (the rank given depending on the education levels) is set for Buddhist monks in addition to Sokai (the rank of priest) and the title, Kangaku is set as the highest rank in education and learning.
178848. In the Jodo sect group, "Muryojukyo" refers to "Bussetsu Muryojukyo," as translated by Sogi Kosogai, if there is no advisory.
178849. In the Jodo sect, the term "anshin" means believing without a doubt in salvation by Amida Buddha and wishing for gokuraku ojo (peaceful death) by the Pure Land teachings.
178850. In the Jodo sect, which was founded by Honen, Senju-nenbutsu (meaning the single-minded recitation of 'Namu Amidabutsu') has been incorporated and taken over by the Jodo Shinshu sect founded by Shinran, from the same lineage.
178851. In the Jogan era, the times of Emperor Seiwa, it was compilated by eight members: FUJIWARA no Ujimune, MINABUCHI no Toshina, OE no Otondo, SUGAWARA no Koreyoshi, KI no Yasuo, OOKASUGA no Yasunaga, FURU no Michinaga, and YAMADA no Hiromune.
178852. In the Jogyo zanmai-do hall, the Jogyo zanmai exercise is performed which involves walking around the Amida Nyorai for 90 days while praying to Amida Buddha and revering the Amida Nyorai in mind.
178853. In the Johei era (in Japan) (931 - 938), MINAMOTO no Shitago compiled it at a request of Imperial Princess Isoko.
178854. In the Johyobun (memorial to the Emperor) of Waobu, there is a description of how the king invaded the nearby countries and became a major power.
178855. In the Johyobun (sovereign's message) for the second Japanese envoy to Sui Dynasty China in 607, it says 'hi izuru tokoro no tenshi sho wo hi bossuru tokoro no tenshi ni itasu tsutsuganashiya unnun' (from the sovereign of the land of the rising sun to the sovereign of the land of the setting sun) and externally, the title of 'tenshi' (emperor) is used.
178856. In the Jokyu War (1221), Soncho played an important role as Retired Emperor Gotoba's man and took charge of capture and detention of Kintsune SAIONJI and his son, who were considered leaders of the pro-Kamakura bakufu group, although Kintsune was Soncho's brother-in-law.
178857. In the Jokyu War in 1221 when he accepted Emperor Gotoba's invitation and joined the imperial army, he fought with the army of bakufu in Omi Province, but he was defeated and returned to Kyoto.
178858. In the Jokyu War in 1221, he took part in the army of bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), and distinguished himself in the war.
178859. In the Jokyu War of 1221, Yasutoki left his hometown for Kyoto as the commander-in-chief of the bakufu's army, whereupon he beat down the anti-bakufu army on the side of Emperor Gotoba and then entered Kyoto.
178860. In the Jokyu War, 1221, he attended the council despite his illness and supported Hiromoto OE's position of immediately sending forces.
178861. In the Jokyu War, his father, Mitsuyuki, joined the side of In (ex-emperor), but he appealed for mercy, and was accepted.
178862. In the Jokyu War, joined the battle with the hokumen no bushi, and saimen no bushi were abolished after the war, while hokumen no bushi remained.
178863. In the Jokyu War, some members of the clan including Shigekuni KIDA, the heir of the clan, and his son Shigetomo KIDA were killed as they belonged to kyogata (the Kyoto side or supporters of the Imperial court in Kyoto).
178864. In the Jokyu War, the Bakufu side won.
178865. In the Jokyu War, the military leaders of the Kamakura shogunate forces attacking Kyoto were given titles such as Daishogun of Tozan-do Road and Daishogun of Hokuriku-do Road, and Akiie KITABATAKE was appointed Chinju taishogun (Chinju-fu shogun) in the period of the Northern and Southern Courts.
178866. In the Jokyu war in 1221, he participated in an attack on Mitsusue IGA taking sides with Emperor Gotoba and confronted the Bakufu army defending Oido no watashi.
178867. In the Jokyu war in 1221, he tried to search out and destroy Yoshitoki HOJO, with Emperor Gotoba, but failed, and he was killed in Suruga Province while being escorted to Kamakura.
178868. In the Joseon Dynasty at that time, Heungseon Daewongun was taken to China after the Imo Incident (1882) and the Min family including Queen Min were changing their policies from pro-Japanese to Sadaejuui (Loving and admiring the great and powerful).
178869. In the Jowa Incident, as Sashosho (Minor Captain of the Left Division of the Inner Palace Guards), he led the Konoefu (Headquarters of the Inner Palace Guards) and succeeded in pacifying the soldiers.
178870. In the July 24, 1431 entry of "Mansai Jugo Nikki" it is stated that `Under the order of Shogun Yoshinori, Mochiyuki replaced Kazai with Naito Bizen Nyudo as Shugodai (deputy of Shugo (provincial constable)).'
178871. In the July after the Yongin Battle, he hastily joined forces with Yoshiaki KATO and Yoshitaka KUKI to take on the naval forces of Yi Sun-sin but Yasuharu WAKISAKA, eager for glory, went out alone and, at the Battle of Hansan Island, was thoroughly defeated by Yi Sun-sin.
178872. In the Kabuki play of 'Ichinotani Futaba Gunki Kumagaya Jinya no ba', Atsumori is portrayed as an illegitimate child of the retired Emperor Goshirakawa, and Naozane, who knew it, beheaded his own son, Kojiro, instead.
178873. In the Kabuki world, saying simply 'Kudaime' (the ninth) refers to Danjuro ICHIKAWA (the ninth).
178874. In the Kaga Province, ikko ikki overthrew shugo, the Togashi clan, and established the "Hongan-ji kingdom" and carried out autonomous control for a hundred years.
178875. In the Kagoshima area
178876. In the Kai Province, the Takeda clan, that were descended from Kai-Genji (Minamoto clan in Kai) took sides with Zenshu UESUGI's disturbance and fell down, and struggled with situations until the sengoku period.
178877. In the Kaigen Kuyo-e ceremony in 752, many important people attended such as Daijo Tenno (the retired emperor) Shomu (already abdicated from the throne), Empress Dowager Komyo, and Empress Koken.
178878. In the Kajuji-ryu (the Kajuji lineage) of the Northern House of the Fujiwara clan, the family record showed Tamefusa - Tametaka - Mitsufusa (a vice minister of Kageyushicho), and Takakiyo, the descendant (Kadenokoji).
178879. In the Kamakukra period, Koun Ejo (Daiosho [Great Osho]), who later became the second chief priest of Eihei-ji Temple of the Soto Zen sect, learned the Buddhism here.
178880. In the Kamakura Disturbance in 1263, the sixth seii taishogun (literally, "great general who subdues the barbarians"), Imperial Prince Munetaka was sent back from Kamakura, in his stead Imperial Prince Koreyasu demanded to fill his position.
178881. In the Kamakura Period 'Kisha-Mitsumono,' three archers riding horses, Inuou-mono, Kasagake, and Yabusame, were actively performed as one of the military arts or as a performance at events, but it declined temporarily in Azuchi-momoyama Period.
178882. In the Kamakura Period a small square cushion called a shitone made of tatami and covered with decorative material was used; and pictures of this can be seen today in the picture cards used in the card game called Hyakunin Isshu.
178883. In the Kamakura Period and the Muromachi Period
178884. In the Kamakura Period, the Ashikaga clan developed ties with the Hojo clan when Yoshikane married a younger sister of Yoritomo's wife, Masako HOJO.
178885. In the Kamakura Period, the control system for Kyushu consisted of the Shoni (Muto) clan for the Chikuzen Province, the Hizen Province, and the Buzen Province, the Otomo clan for the Chikugo Province, the Higo Province, and the Bungo Province and the Shimazu clan for the Satsuma Province, the Osumi Province, and the Hyuga Province.
178886. In the Kamakura Period, the relationship between the lord and the vassal among samurai became important.
178887. In the Kamakura and Muromachi periods
178888. In the Kamakura and Muromachi periods when a samurai owned his fief, the term indicated a person who lost his fief and position and became a wanderer.
178889. In the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, major senior vassals and shugo daimyo (provincial military governors, who became feudal lords) took important roles and were sometimes even stronger than the shogunal family or regent.
178890. In the Kamakura and Muromachi periods, the term kaieki referred to making changes to the duties of Shugo and Jito (military governors and estate stewards).
178891. In the Kamakura bakufu
178892. In the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), although FUJIWARA no Yoritsune, a Sekke Shogun (Shogun from a regent family) was forced to quit his position as shogun, and handed it over to his heir, FUJIWARA no Yoritsugu, he was still called Otono and acted as a guardian of the new shogun.
178893. In the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun), under the supervision of the third Shogun Yoshimitsu ASHIKAGA, a shogunal deputy (kanrei), Yoriyuki HOSOKAWA answered Emperor Gokogon's, and the following year, 1371 (March 23), the Emperor passed the throne to Prince Ohito and started a cloistered government.
178894. In the Kamakura bakufu, monchujo (a court of justice) in Togoku (the eastern part of Japan, particularly the Kanto region) and mandokoro (Administrative Board) in Kamakura City held jurisdiction over Zatsumusata.
178895. In the Kamakura bakufu, the Shikken (shogun regent) and Rensho (associate of the Shikken) were called tandai, and the title was given to the position set in Kyoto and Saigoku (the western part of Japan, especially in Kyushu but ranging as far east as Kinki) which had the wide range of rights for jurisdiction and military control.
178896. In the Kamakura bakufu, there was a regulation called 'Bokan joshi,' which prohibited gokenin (immediate vassals of the shogunate) to be appointed to Joshi (Zaikyo Azukaridokoro) or high-ranked shokan (governor of the manor) with similar authority.
178897. In the Kamakura era, some shokan were admitted as Gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura era） or Jito (manager and lord of the manor) by Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun).
178898. In the Kamakura period
178899. In the Kamakura period a jinya meant a temporary military camp for warriors during a battle.
178900. In the Kamakura period and later, the tateana pit-type dwelling disappeared in the Kanto region, except in parts as relics.
178901. In the Kamakura period it was called shugonin-bugyo (post of provincial constable in Kamakura period), and in the Muromachi period it was called shugoshiki (post of provincial constable).
178902. In the Kamakura period the Tachikawa-ryu (Esoteric Buddhism), a school of Shingon Esoteric Buddhism based on "Rishu-kyo," was founded, and it was later oppressed as an evil heresy.
178903. In the Kamakura period this deliberate conduct of hostilities was called kosen (intentional war) and defensive action was called bosen (defensive war), and they were collectively known as 'kosen-bosen'.
178904. In the Kamakura period, "Heike Monogatari" (The Tale of the Heike) became popular, and, in many cases, the story was told by the blind with musical accompaniment.
178905. In the Kamakura period, "Shotoku Taishi denshiki" (the Private Recollections on the Life of Prince Shotoku) written by Kenshin, the priest of the Horyu-ji Temple, describes Kuratsukuri no tori as the painter of the murals.
178906. In the Kamakura period, Buddhism spread to the Samurai class, with temples being constructed in which to pray for the prosperity and safety of the head of each territory as well as the entire family, and these eventually became integrated with temples founded to pray for the souls of those family members who died in battle.
178907. In the Kamakura period, Buddhism was spread among the common people, and some funerals of the common people were held in Buddhist style.
178908. In the Kamakura period, Chikahira IZUMI, a member of the Ina clan, was renowned.
178909. In the Kamakura period, Eison, the founder of the Shingon Ritsu sect, lived in the temple from 1236 to 1238 for its recovery.
178910. In the Kamakura period, Emperor Kameyama and the Cloistered Emperor Go-Uda entered the temple and governed from within, which led to it being called 'Saga Palace.'
178911. In the Kamakura period, FUJIWARA no Sadaie frankly stated in "Okuiri" (Genji commentaries) that "'Yomei no suke' is the most difficult part to understand in the Tale of Genji and that its meaning may never be understood. "
178912. In the Kamakura period, Honen of the Jodo sect and Shinran of the Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land Sect of Buddhism) called for, based on Mappo shiso, repeating the name of Buddha in order to be able to go to Amidanyorai (Amitabha Tathagata) at Saiho Gokuraku Jodo (The West Pure Land (of Amida Buddha)) after death.
178913. In the Kamakura period, Ietsune ICHIJO accidentally said, as he faced Yamashiro no suke in the Kamo Festival, 'Yomei no suke will pass through' thereby disclosing a secret that Yamashiro no suke was Yomei no suke, and this caused an uproar.
178914. In the Kamakura period, MINAMOTO no Hisanao from Saga-Genji (Minamoto clan) became the Jitoshiki (manager and lord of manor) of Mizuma County, Chikugo Province.
178915. In the Kamakura period, Ninsho opened them at various places in the country.
178916. In the Kamakura period, Pure Land Sect founder Honen put tunes to Buddhist worship to create one of the nenbutsu-zanmai (mental absorption in the nenbutsu) practices.
178917. In the Kamakura period, Shinto priests of Ise-jingu Shrine started academic research, and the shrine gradually made changes and reached the current style of Shingi belief (神祇信仰.)
178918. In the Kamakura period, Shugo was only assigned the right of Taibon sankajo (three basic rights of shugo, the provincial constable) and the right to supervise as part of Obanyaku (a job to guard Kyoto).
178919. In the Kamakura period, Wasan was widely recognized with the propagation of Buddhism, and became popular in various sects of Kamakura Bukkyo (new Buddhist movements of the Kamakura Period).
178920. In the Kamakura period, Zen priests like Shoichi Kokushi, who went to the Sung dynasty, introduced thin noodles made from wheat-flour to Japan via Hakata, which was the origin of 'Kirimugi' (wheat cut noodles).
178921. In the Kamakura period, a priest Chogen SHUNJOBO, who successfully restored the Great Buddha in Todai-ji Temple, restored temple buildings and Buddha statues of Hokke-ji Temple in 1203.
178922. In the Kamakura period, a samurai culture rose suddenly into power mainly in Kanto as a culture comparable to the dynastic culture in Kyoto.
178923. In the Kamakura period, bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) established Shugo (provincial constable) in each province.
178924. In the Kamakura period, both 与力 and 寄騎 were used simply refer to back-up soldiers, but later, these terms came to be more often used for indicating the lower-class samurai who followed daimyo or influential millitary commanders.
178925. In the Kamakura period, court nobles who had been deprived of their power came to depend on the traditional culture, so they composed waka energetically.
178926. In the Kamakura period, disturbances which had continued from the end of the previous period resulted in a change in Buddhism.
178927. In the Kamakura period, end-forms of some adjectives with "shiku" conjugation took the form of "-shishi" (such as "migurushishi" or "tanomoshishi") but such a form was not generalized.
178928. In the Kamakura period, gambling games of sugoroku and shiichi-han were popular among gokenin, and some of them even risked their residence or territory, which sometimes resulted in a killing fight, and became a social problem.
178929. In the Kamakura period, housing land development advanced in Okazaki (Shirakawa), and the north side of the Shira-kawa River which was originally not in Shirakawa was included in its geographical coverage.
178930. In the Kamakura period, individual Gokenin directly paid homage to the Shogun (although there were exceptions such as being hired by a strong Gokenin), and shugos were mere supervisors of Gokenin within their lands.
178931. In the Kamakura period, informal 23-slate fans were also used.
178932. In the Kamakura period, it became a major force.
178933. In the Kamakura period, it gave way to Shichijo and other bussho and declined.
178934. In the Kamakura period, it was used to avoid the trouble of having to carry the nengu (annual tribute, land tax) from shoen.
178935. In the Kamakura period, jito (manager and lord of manor) was adopted by the Kamakura bakufu.
178936. In the Kamakura period, many gorinto (a gravestone composed of five pieces piled up one upon another) and stone Buddhist images were dedicated to the three-storied pagoda (called Aikuo pagoda) in the precincts.
178937. In the Kamakura period, new patterns were created by efforts of Kaikei, a busshi (sculptor of Buddhist Statues).
178938. In the Kamakura period, people believed that each one of Juo corresponded with each of Jubutsu (10 Buddha); the number grew as the time went by, and in the Edo period, Jusanbutsu shinko (13 Buddha belief) was born.
178939. In the Kamakura period, samurai started to make inroads into shoen and koryo, expanding their involvement over time.
178940. In the Kamakura period, some kaihatsu-ryoshu were even appointed as jito (manager and lord of manor) or gokenin (an immediate vassal of the shogunate in the Kamakura and Muromachi through Edo periods).
178941. In the Kamakura period, the Imperial Court began to develop the public duties with involvement by the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese territorial lord as provincial constable) and Shugo (provincial constable).
178942. In the Kamakura period, the Ouchi family completely subjected the local officials of kokuga zaicho (provincial government offices) in Suo Province to its rule, and became a substantial ruler of Suo Province.
178943. In the Kamakura period, the Soryo system (the eldest son system for the succession of the head of the family) was established in the samurai world, and at first Yoriko meant the child born out of wedlock who followed the eldest child ("Kamakura Bakufu Tsuika Ho" - additional laws applied by Kamakura Bakufu).
178944. In the Kamakura period, the Zen sect had introduced ihai which became gradually adopted by the other sects except Jodo Shinshu (the True Pure Land sect) and became common in the Edo period.
178945. In the Kamakura period, the chigyo-koku system became officially recognized gradually.
178946. In the Kamakura period, the difference between Yushi and an adopted child became clear and the practice was widely spread even among samurai and Buddhist monks.
178947. In the Kamakura period, the owner of such manors were changed to Shugo (military commander and administrator) or Jito (manager and lord of manor) because a great number of people assigned as Shugo and Jito were dispatched.
178948. In the Kamakura period, the term Sangaku was no more in use.
178949. In the Kamakura period, the word meant a regular levy on paddy fields and dry fields, and began to be interchanged with 'nengu' which originally had a similar meaning.
178950. In the Kamakura period, there appeared some temples and shrines that allowed the public to use 'yokudo' (bath halls) at no charge, such facilities having been established there in order for Buddhist monks to purify themselves.
178951. In the Kamakura period, there were many cases where shugo (provincial constable) seized power of kokuga instead of provincial governors, and as a result, the Kamakura bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) also started to impose ikkoku heikinyaku taxes and tasks.
178952. In the Kamakura period, there were more cases in which lords of a manor were collectively called honjo by the bakufu (Japanese feudal government headed by a shogun) or samurai.
178953. In the Kamakura period, they formed two groups: one was moso-biwa (which literally means "a blind priest's biwa"), who mainly chanted the Buddhist scriptures, and the other one was Heike-biwa, who chanted the Heike Monogatari.
178954. In the Kamakura period, when Ippen of the Jishu sect visited Tomono of Shinano Province (Saku City, Nagano Prefecture), he performed Odori Nenbutsu after the example of Kuya.
178955. In the Kamakura period, when Jodo-kyo (pure land teachings) prevailed and Invocation of the Buddha's Name became popular, it spread widely among ordinary people.
178956. In the Kamakura period, with restoration of Hiden-in Temple by Eison and Ninsho, Hinin residents were organized under the Shingon Ritsu sect of Saidai-ji Temple (Nara City), some of Hinin travelled with monks of Ippen's Jishu sect of Buddhism.
178957. In the Kamakura period, women such as waiting maids had a hairstyle called mijira-suberakashi in which their hair was at up to waist length and was tied back in a ponytail.
178958. In the Kamigata Rakugo Association, even a big-shot rakugoka resigned because of more sensitive reasons (almost a quarrel).
178959. In the Kamigata area, although koban exists internally (only shinuchi was announced just once), currently it is not disclosed outside at all.
178960. In the Kamiumi-no-dan (the Chapter of Bearing Gods) of Kojiki, when Izanagi cut the god of fire Kagutsuchi, which had caused death to his wife Izanami, on the neck with his sword Totsuka no tsurugi, Iwatsutsunoo was born from the blood on the sword which dropped on the rock.
178961. In the Kanakura and Muromachi periods, Ama Gozan was determined in Kyoto and Kamakura.
178962. In the Kanei era (1624-1644) during the Edo period it was rebuilt when the Emperor Gomizunoo became a believer, but these temple buildings which were rebuilt do not remain.
178963. In the Kanei era during the Edo period, it was given a building of Gosho (Imperial Palace) from the Imperial court, and it began to actively rebuild the temple buildings after that.
178964. In the Kanei era, a village girl aged around 20 met in a state of rapture a man who was a self-professed official of Kaneyama and spent a night with him.
178965. In the Kanmu-Heishi (Taira clan), TAIRA no Tadamori from the Ise-Heishi (Taira clan) ascended to Shoshii and was named Gyobukyo (official of the Ministry of Justice).
178966. In the Kanno Disturbance developed from the internal conflict of the Ashikaga family, Ujitsuna on the Takauji side rendered distinguished military service.
178967. In the Kanpyo no chi (Glorious Kanpyo rule) promoted by Emperor Uda and MINAMOTO no Yoshiari, it is believed that Suenaga worked as an aristocratic bureaucrat who took charge of practical business along with SUGAWARA no Michizane and FUJIWARA no Tadahira.
178968. In the Kanpyo to Engi eras, that is to say, from around the end of the 9th century to the early 10th century, the national administration was reformed drastically.
178969. In the Kanpyokai, taking into consideration the advantages of Yamada nishiki as sakamai, a separate section for the seiseishu produced from sakamai containing Yamada nishiki for 50% to 100% is established as the "Appraisal System of the Sake Zenkoku Shinshu Kanpyokai."
178970. In the Kansai District, the way of calling a private railway company, 'XX-Densha ('company name'- train)' is quite common; however, nowadays 'Hankyu Densha' is seldom used on advertisement displays.
178971. In the Kansai area, the name changes from Seigo to Hane (alevin of sea perch larger than Seigo) to Suzuki.
178972. In the Kansai area, there is a kneaded fish paste product made of white fish such as conger pike, and it is called Anpei.
178973. In the Kansai area, though, it has taken root as the forms of Horumonyaki (grilled beef or pork offal) and Horumonnabe (beef or pork offal cooked in stock), which are different from the Motsunabe of Hakata, Fukuoka Prefecture.
178974. In the Kansai district, a raw quail egg is mixed in the sauce.
178975. In the Kansai region the eel is slit open along the belly and broiled without steaming.
178976. In the Kansai region, 'Konbu' (kelp) is frequently referred to as 'Kobu,' and therefore this dish is also called 'Kobu Udon' instead of 'Konbu Udon.'
178977. In the Kansai region, Jusan-mairi is more popular than Shichi-go-san (a day of prayer for the healthy growth of children of 7, 5, and 3), and especially that of Horin-ji Temple (Nishigyo Ward, Kyoto City) at Mt. Arashi-yama, Kyoto is famous.
178978. In the Kansai region, Udon noodles are often served with rice and Sushi (sushi roll, Oshi-zushi [lightly-pressed piece of Sushi topped with cooked ingredients], Chirashi-zushi [Sushi with ingredients arranged on the surface of vinegar rice], etc.).
178979. In the Kansai region, a catalog is not counted as an item and a ring is included instead.
178980. In the Kansai region, a dish using abura-age is often called shinoda (written as 信太 or 信田).
178981. In the Kansai region, a set of three bamboo stalks is placed in the middle with a decoration of (red and white) ornamental cabbages at the front and young pine at the back, all tied with bamboo strips around the bottom.
178982. In the Kansai region, a tofu seller sounded a bell instead of blowing a bugle (in the Kanto region, an ice-cream seller sounded a bell).
178983. In the Kansai region, as bifukatsu are often used in katsu sando, tonkatsu sandwiches are sometimes called "Tonkatsu sando" to distinguish them.
178984. In the Kansai region, fugu is called 'teppo' (literally, a gun) or 'tetsu' for short, as the sounds for the Japanese words for "getting shot" and "being poisoned by pufferfish poison" are the same.
178985. In the Kansai region, it is also called 'tecchiri.'
178986. In the Kansai region, it is called hiryuzu (also pronounce as hiriuzu, hirousu, hiryozu).
178987. In the Kansai region, on the other hand, since the stiffer dough is used, karinto's texture is characterized to be somewhat tough.
178988. In the Kansai region, raw flatfish is sandwiched between pieces of konbu for a few days to transfer its flavor to the fish, which is called konbushime as well.
178989. In the Kansai region, serving three slices of takuan is for good luck (Sanpo or three directions and the number 3 is considered auspicious) whereby some donburi ('rice bowl dish' consisting of fish, meat, vegetables, or other ingredients simmered together and served over rice) restaurants in Kansai serve three slices of takuan on purpose.
178990. In the Kansai region, the apartment equipped with an individual water facilities (sanitation) was called 'bunka-jutaku' (cultural housing).
178991. In the Kansai region, the word 'menchi' can suggest the expression 'menchi wo kiru' (to glare at someone), a vulgar expression used when fighting.
178992. In the Kansai region, there is a custom of eating an octopus on hange (45 days into geango, a 90 days summer seclusion), but it is said that this is to supplement taurine and to prevent summer heat fatigue.
178993. In the Kansai region, there is the Hatsune-kai.
178994. In the Kansai region, this type of senbei is often called by such a collective name as 'okaki', grouping it with kakimochi (thin cracker type) and arare (small cube type) both of which are made using glutinous rice.
178995. In the Kansai region, where marriage was seen as a bond between two families, a bride brought Kamon-onnamon (家紋女紋) from her family's home (for details, see the article of Kamon-onnamon).
178996. In the Kanto Region, sweetened tamagoyaki is popular as an everyday side dish.
178997. In the Kanto area and Sanin region, the former type is simply called 'sakuramochi', while it is the latter type that is referred to as 'sakuramochi' in areas west of the Kinki region, in Hokkaido and in the Hokuriku area.
178998. In the Kanto area in the early modern period, ordinary dwellings of farmers were mostly built in such a way that an irori fireplace (open hearth) was made on doma (dirt floor) and straw mats were laid on the floors.
178999. In the Kanto area, when someone simply states "Katsu," it often refers to tonkatsu.
179000. In the Kanto region it's also called 'Ogara,' 'Okara' and 'Okkara.'