| Therefore, kaihatsu-ryoshu tried to secure their dominion and management rights by donating their developed fields to major central nobility, temples, and shrines, that were more powerful than kokuga, to eliminate the pressure from kokuga (those shoen were specifically categorized as donated shoen). |
開発領主は国衙よりも権威のある中央の有力貴族や有力寺社へ開発田地を寄進して（寄進型荘園）、国衙の圧力を断ち切ることで支配権・管理権を確保していった。 |