| Operating taxes, etc., were collected from merchants in exchange for the special privileges and protection provided to them, and Tsuryou (津料) was charged from various ports and Sekisen (tolls) from barriers. |
商人に対しては特権や保護の代償に営業税などを取り、各港からの津料、関所のからの関銭（通行税）も徴収された。 |